Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray
The amaranthine scale of the COVID-19 pandemic and unpredictable disease severity is of grave concern. Serological diagnostic aids are an excellent choice for clinicians for rapid and easy prognosis of the disease. To this end, we studied the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection to map im...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/1/248 |
| _version_ | 1797436427232870400 |
|---|---|
| author | Arup Acharjee Arka Ray Akanksha Salkar Surbhi Bihani Chaitanya Tuckley Jayanthi Shastri Sachee Agrawal Siddhartha Duttagupta Sanjeeva Srivastava |
| author_facet | Arup Acharjee Arka Ray Akanksha Salkar Surbhi Bihani Chaitanya Tuckley Jayanthi Shastri Sachee Agrawal Siddhartha Duttagupta Sanjeeva Srivastava |
| author_sort | Arup Acharjee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The amaranthine scale of the COVID-19 pandemic and unpredictable disease severity is of grave concern. Serological diagnostic aids are an excellent choice for clinicians for rapid and easy prognosis of the disease. To this end, we studied the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection to map immunogenic regions in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome at amino acid resolution using a high-density SARS-CoV-2 proteome peptide microarray. The microarray has 4932 overlapping peptides printed in duplicates spanning the entire SARS-CoV-2 proteome. We found 204 and 676 immunogenic peptides against IgA and IgG, corresponding to 137 and 412 IgA and IgG epitopes, respectively. Of these, 6 and 307 epitopes could discriminate between disease severity. The emergence of variants has added to the complexity of the disease. Using the mutation panel available, we could detect 5 and 10 immunogenic peptides against IgA and IgG with mutations belonging to SAR-CoV-2 variants. The study revealed severity-based epitopes that could be presented as potential prognostic serological markers. Further, the mutant epitope immunogenicity could indicate the putative use of these markers for diagnosing variants responsible for the infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:01:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6a19ed6082c4541aafdcea90629bf39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:01:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6a19ed6082c4541aafdcea90629bf392023-12-01T01:13:58ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-01-0115124810.3390/v15010248Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide MicroarrayArup Acharjee0Arka Ray1Akanksha Salkar2Surbhi Bihani3Chaitanya Tuckley4Jayanthi Shastri5Sachee Agrawal6Siddhartha Duttagupta7Sanjeeva Srivastava8Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaCentre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaDepartment of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaDepartment of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaCentre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaKasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai 400011, IndiaKasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai 400011, IndiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaDepartment of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaThe amaranthine scale of the COVID-19 pandemic and unpredictable disease severity is of grave concern. Serological diagnostic aids are an excellent choice for clinicians for rapid and easy prognosis of the disease. To this end, we studied the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection to map immunogenic regions in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome at amino acid resolution using a high-density SARS-CoV-2 proteome peptide microarray. The microarray has 4932 overlapping peptides printed in duplicates spanning the entire SARS-CoV-2 proteome. We found 204 and 676 immunogenic peptides against IgA and IgG, corresponding to 137 and 412 IgA and IgG epitopes, respectively. Of these, 6 and 307 epitopes could discriminate between disease severity. The emergence of variants has added to the complexity of the disease. Using the mutation panel available, we could detect 5 and 10 immunogenic peptides against IgA and IgG with mutations belonging to SAR-CoV-2 variants. The study revealed severity-based epitopes that could be presented as potential prognostic serological markers. Further, the mutant epitope immunogenicity could indicate the putative use of these markers for diagnosing variants responsible for the infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/1/248COVID-19SARS-CoV-2peptide microarrayhumoral immunityIgAIgG |
| spellingShingle | Arup Acharjee Arka Ray Akanksha Salkar Surbhi Bihani Chaitanya Tuckley Jayanthi Shastri Sachee Agrawal Siddhartha Duttagupta Sanjeeva Srivastava Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray Viruses COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 peptide microarray humoral immunity IgA IgG |
| title | Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray |
| title_full | Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray |
| title_fullStr | Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray |
| title_short | Humoral Immune Response Profile of COVID-19 Reveals Severity and Variant-Specific Epitopes: Lessons from SARS-CoV-2 Peptide Microarray |
| title_sort | humoral immune response profile of covid 19 reveals severity and variant specific epitopes lessons from sars cov 2 peptide microarray |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 peptide microarray humoral immunity IgA IgG |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/1/248 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arupacharjee humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT arkaray humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT akankshasalkar humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT surbhibihani humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT chaitanyatuckley humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT jayanthishastri humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT sacheeagrawal humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT siddharthaduttagupta humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray AT sanjeevasrivastava humoralimmuneresponseprofileofcovid19revealsseverityandvariantspecificepitopeslessonsfromsarscov2peptidemicroarray |