Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved
There is no doubt that chronic stress accompanied by adrenocortical stress hormone release affects the development and treatment outcome of several mental disorders. Less attention has been paid to the effects of psychotropic drugs on adrenocortical steroids, particularly in clinical studies. This r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/908 |
| _version_ | 1797493259729108992 |
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| author | Zuzana Romanova Natasa Hlavacova Daniela Jezova |
| author_facet | Zuzana Romanova Natasa Hlavacova Daniela Jezova |
| author_sort | Zuzana Romanova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is no doubt that chronic stress accompanied by adrenocortical stress hormone release affects the development and treatment outcome of several mental disorders. Less attention has been paid to the effects of psychotropic drugs on adrenocortical steroids, particularly in clinical studies. This review focuses on the knowledge related to the possible modulation of cortisol and aldosterone secretion under non-stress and stress conditions by antipsychotic drugs, which are being used in the treatment of several psychotic and affective disorders. The molecular mechanisms by which antipsychotic drugs may influence steroid stress hormones include the modulation of central and/or adrenocortical dopamine and serotonin receptors, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, influence on regulatory mechanisms in the central part of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone gene promoters, influencing glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription, indirect effects via prolactin release, alteration of signaling pathways of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid actions. Clinical studies performed in healthy subjects, patients with psychosis, and patients with bipolar disorder suggest that single and repeated antipsychotic treatments either reduce cortisol concentrations or do not affect its secretion. A single and potentially long-term treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists, including antipsychotics, has a stimulatory action on aldosterone release. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:17:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6a1a6543f834f719434398dce8ab229 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:17:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6a1a6543f834f719434398dce8ab2292023-11-23T14:06:19ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-0123290810.3390/ijms23020908Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms InvolvedZuzana Romanova0Natasa Hlavacova1Daniela Jezova2Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, SlovakiaThere is no doubt that chronic stress accompanied by adrenocortical stress hormone release affects the development and treatment outcome of several mental disorders. Less attention has been paid to the effects of psychotropic drugs on adrenocortical steroids, particularly in clinical studies. This review focuses on the knowledge related to the possible modulation of cortisol and aldosterone secretion under non-stress and stress conditions by antipsychotic drugs, which are being used in the treatment of several psychotic and affective disorders. The molecular mechanisms by which antipsychotic drugs may influence steroid stress hormones include the modulation of central and/or adrenocortical dopamine and serotonin receptors, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, influence on regulatory mechanisms in the central part of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone gene promoters, influencing glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription, indirect effects via prolactin release, alteration of signaling pathways of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid actions. Clinical studies performed in healthy subjects, patients with psychosis, and patients with bipolar disorder suggest that single and repeated antipsychotic treatments either reduce cortisol concentrations or do not affect its secretion. A single and potentially long-term treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists, including antipsychotics, has a stimulatory action on aldosterone release.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/908cortisolaldosteroneantipsychotic drugslithiummolecular pathwaysneurotransmitters |
| spellingShingle | Zuzana Romanova Natasa Hlavacova Daniela Jezova Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved International Journal of Molecular Sciences cortisol aldosterone antipsychotic drugs lithium molecular pathways neurotransmitters |
| title | Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved |
| title_full | Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved |
| title_fullStr | Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved |
| title_short | Psychotropic Drug Effects on Steroid Stress Hormone Release and Possible Mechanisms Involved |
| title_sort | psychotropic drug effects on steroid stress hormone release and possible mechanisms involved |
| topic | cortisol aldosterone antipsychotic drugs lithium molecular pathways neurotransmitters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/908 |
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