Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO)
Propyl-propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), an antioxidant organosulfur compound present in the genus <i>Allium</i>, has become a potential natural additive for food and feed, as well as a possible biopesticide for pest control in plants. A toxicological assessment is necessary to verify its sa...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/3/350 |
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| author | Antonio Cascajosa-Lira Remedios Guzmán-Guillén Silvia Pichardo Alberto Baños Jose M. de la Torre Nahum Ayala-Soldado M. Rosario Moyano-Salvago Isabel Ortiz-Jaraba Ana M. Cameán Angeles Jos |
| author_facet | Antonio Cascajosa-Lira Remedios Guzmán-Guillén Silvia Pichardo Alberto Baños Jose M. de la Torre Nahum Ayala-Soldado M. Rosario Moyano-Salvago Isabel Ortiz-Jaraba Ana M. Cameán Angeles Jos |
| author_sort | Antonio Cascajosa-Lira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Propyl-propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), an antioxidant organosulfur compound present in the genus <i>Allium</i>, has become a potential natural additive for food and feed, as well as a possible biopesticide for pest control in plants. A toxicological assessment is necessary to verify its safety for livestock, consumers, and the environment. As part of the risk assessment of PTSO, this study was designed to explore its potential reproductive toxicity in mice following the OECD 416 guideline. The investigation spans two generations to comprehensively evaluate potential reproductive, teratogenic, and hereditary effects. A total of 80 CD1 mice per sex and generation were subjected to PTSO exposure during three phases (premating, gestation, and lactation). This evaluation encompassed three dose levels: 14, 28, and 55 mg PTSO/kg b.w./day, administered through the feed. No clinical changes or mortality attributed to the administration of PTSO were observed in the study. Some changes in the body weight and food consumption were observed, but not related to sex or in a dose-dependent manner. The two parental generations (F0, F1) exhibited normal reproductive performance, and the offspring (F1 and F2) were born without any abnormalities. The serum sexual hormone levels (progesterone -P-, testosterone -T-, estradiol -E2-, follicular stimulating hormone -FSH-, and luteinizing hormone -LH-) were in a normal range. Although significant changes were observed in the sperm analysis in the case of F0 group, no variation was found for F1 group, and no alterations in fertility were recorded either. The absolute organ weights and relative organ weight/body weight and organ weight/brain weight ratios, and the complete histopathological study, showed no significant alterations in males and females for all the generations considered. Considering all the results obtained, PTSO is not considered a reproductive or developmental toxicant in mice under the assayed conditions. These results support the good safety profile of PTSO for its potential application in the agrifood sector. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:37:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6a59c2164104f2cb87385952416f161 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:37:05Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6a59c2164104f2cb87385952416f1612024-03-27T13:18:40ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212024-03-0113335010.3390/antiox13030350Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO)Antonio Cascajosa-Lira0Remedios Guzmán-Guillén1Silvia Pichardo2Alberto Baños3Jose M. de la Torre4Nahum Ayala-Soldado5M. Rosario Moyano-Salvago6Isabel Ortiz-Jaraba7Ana M. Cameán8Angeles Jos9Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainÁrea de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainÁrea de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainDMC Research Center, Camino de Jayena, 82, 18620 Granada, SpainDMC Research Center, Camino de Jayena, 82, 18620 Granada, SpainDepartamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, SpainÁrea de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainÁrea de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainPropyl-propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), an antioxidant organosulfur compound present in the genus <i>Allium</i>, has become a potential natural additive for food and feed, as well as a possible biopesticide for pest control in plants. A toxicological assessment is necessary to verify its safety for livestock, consumers, and the environment. As part of the risk assessment of PTSO, this study was designed to explore its potential reproductive toxicity in mice following the OECD 416 guideline. The investigation spans two generations to comprehensively evaluate potential reproductive, teratogenic, and hereditary effects. A total of 80 CD1 mice per sex and generation were subjected to PTSO exposure during three phases (premating, gestation, and lactation). This evaluation encompassed three dose levels: 14, 28, and 55 mg PTSO/kg b.w./day, administered through the feed. No clinical changes or mortality attributed to the administration of PTSO were observed in the study. Some changes in the body weight and food consumption were observed, but not related to sex or in a dose-dependent manner. The two parental generations (F0, F1) exhibited normal reproductive performance, and the offspring (F1 and F2) were born without any abnormalities. The serum sexual hormone levels (progesterone -P-, testosterone -T-, estradiol -E2-, follicular stimulating hormone -FSH-, and luteinizing hormone -LH-) were in a normal range. Although significant changes were observed in the sperm analysis in the case of F0 group, no variation was found for F1 group, and no alterations in fertility were recorded either. The absolute organ weights and relative organ weight/body weight and organ weight/brain weight ratios, and the complete histopathological study, showed no significant alterations in males and females for all the generations considered. Considering all the results obtained, PTSO is not considered a reproductive or developmental toxicant in mice under the assayed conditions. These results support the good safety profile of PTSO for its potential application in the agrifood sector.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/3/350two-generation toxicitynatural additiveantioxidantorganosulfur compoundsafety assessmentin vivo |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Cascajosa-Lira Remedios Guzmán-Guillén Silvia Pichardo Alberto Baños Jose M. de la Torre Nahum Ayala-Soldado M. Rosario Moyano-Salvago Isabel Ortiz-Jaraba Ana M. Cameán Angeles Jos Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) Antioxidants two-generation toxicity natural additive antioxidant organosulfur compound safety assessment in vivo |
| title | Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) |
| title_full | Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) |
| title_fullStr | Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) |
| title_short | Two-Generation Toxicity Study of the Antioxidant Compound Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) |
| title_sort | two generation toxicity study of the antioxidant compound propyl propane thiosulfonate ptso |
| topic | two-generation toxicity natural additive antioxidant organosulfur compound safety assessment in vivo |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/3/350 |
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