Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Hypertension is a major risk factor of cardiovascular mortality. Mood disorders represent a growing public health problem worldwide. A complex relationship is present between mood disorders and cardiovascular diseases. However, less data is available about the level of depression...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Annals of General Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-022-00400-7 |
| _version_ | 1818488412480471040 |
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| author | Zsófia Nemcsik-Bencze Beáta Kőrösi Helga Gyöngyösi Dóra Batta Andrea László Péter Torzsa Illés Kovács Zoltán Rihmer Xénia Gonda János Nemcsik |
| author_facet | Zsófia Nemcsik-Bencze Beáta Kőrösi Helga Gyöngyösi Dóra Batta Andrea László Péter Torzsa Illés Kovács Zoltán Rihmer Xénia Gonda János Nemcsik |
| author_sort | Zsófia Nemcsik-Bencze |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hypertension is a major risk factor of cardiovascular mortality. Mood disorders represent a growing public health problem worldwide. A complex relationship is present between mood disorders and cardiovascular diseases. However, less data is available about the level of depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes. The aim of our study was to evaluate psychometric parameters in healthy controls (Cont), in patients with white-coat hypertension (WhHT), with chronic, non-resistant hypertension (non-ResHT), and with chronic, treatment-resistant hypertension (ResHT). Methods In a cross-sectional study setup 363 patients were included with the following distribution: 82 Cont, 44 WhHT, 200 non-ResHT and 37 ResHT. The patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A). Results BDI points were higher in WhHT (7 (3–11)) and ResHT (6 (3–11.5)) compared with Cont (3 (1–6), p < 0.05). Similarly, HAM-A points were higher in WhHT (8 (5–15)) and ResHT (10.5 (5.25–18.75)) compared with Cont (4 (1–7), p < 0.05) and also compared with non-ResHT (5 (2–10), p < 0.05). ResHT was independently associated with HAM-A scale equal or above 3 points (Beta = 3.804, 95%CI 1.204–12.015). WhHT was independently associated with HAM-A scale equal or above 2 points (Beta = 7.701, 95%CI 1.165–18.973) and BDI scale equal or above 5 points (Beta = 2.888, 95%CI 1.170–7.126). Conclusions Our results suggest psychopathological similarities between white-coat hypertension and resistant hypertension. As recently it was demonstrated that white-coat hypertension is not a benign condition, our findings can have relevance for future interventional purposes to improve the outcome of these patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:50:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6aef4311d8f40ea95c446654b730e46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1744-859X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T16:50:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of General Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6aef4311d8f40ea95c446654b730e462022-12-22T01:40:54ZengBMCAnnals of General Psychiatry1744-859X2022-06-012111710.1186/s12991-022-00400-7Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional studyZsófia Nemcsik-Bencze0Beáta Kőrösi1Helga Gyöngyösi2Dóra Batta3Andrea László4Péter Torzsa5Illés Kovács6Zoltán Rihmer7Xénia Gonda8János Nemcsik9Department of Neuroradiology, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityNorisana – MVZ RosenauDepartment of Family Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityAbstract Background Hypertension is a major risk factor of cardiovascular mortality. Mood disorders represent a growing public health problem worldwide. A complex relationship is present between mood disorders and cardiovascular diseases. However, less data is available about the level of depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes. The aim of our study was to evaluate psychometric parameters in healthy controls (Cont), in patients with white-coat hypertension (WhHT), with chronic, non-resistant hypertension (non-ResHT), and with chronic, treatment-resistant hypertension (ResHT). Methods In a cross-sectional study setup 363 patients were included with the following distribution: 82 Cont, 44 WhHT, 200 non-ResHT and 37 ResHT. The patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A). Results BDI points were higher in WhHT (7 (3–11)) and ResHT (6 (3–11.5)) compared with Cont (3 (1–6), p < 0.05). Similarly, HAM-A points were higher in WhHT (8 (5–15)) and ResHT (10.5 (5.25–18.75)) compared with Cont (4 (1–7), p < 0.05) and also compared with non-ResHT (5 (2–10), p < 0.05). ResHT was independently associated with HAM-A scale equal or above 3 points (Beta = 3.804, 95%CI 1.204–12.015). WhHT was independently associated with HAM-A scale equal or above 2 points (Beta = 7.701, 95%CI 1.165–18.973) and BDI scale equal or above 5 points (Beta = 2.888, 95%CI 1.170–7.126). Conclusions Our results suggest psychopathological similarities between white-coat hypertension and resistant hypertension. As recently it was demonstrated that white-coat hypertension is not a benign condition, our findings can have relevance for future interventional purposes to improve the outcome of these patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-022-00400-7DepressionAnxietyResistant hypertensionWhite-coat hypertension |
| spellingShingle | Zsófia Nemcsik-Bencze Beáta Kőrösi Helga Gyöngyösi Dóra Batta Andrea László Péter Torzsa Illés Kovács Zoltán Rihmer Xénia Gonda János Nemcsik Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study Annals of General Psychiatry Depression Anxiety Resistant hypertension White-coat hypertension |
| title | Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | depression and anxiety in different hypertension phenotypes a cross sectional study |
| topic | Depression Anxiety Resistant hypertension White-coat hypertension |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-022-00400-7 |
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