Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterised by progressive neuron loss in specific brain areas. The most common are Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; in both cases, diagnosis is based on clinical tests with limited capability to discriminate between similar neurodegenerative disorders a...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3321 |
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| author | Celtia Domínguez-Fernández June Egiguren-Ortiz Jone Razquin Margarita Gómez-Galán Laura De las Heras-García Elena Paredes-Rodríguez Egoitz Astigarraga Cristina Miguélez Gabriel Barreda-Gómez |
| author_facet | Celtia Domínguez-Fernández June Egiguren-Ortiz Jone Razquin Margarita Gómez-Galán Laura De las Heras-García Elena Paredes-Rodríguez Egoitz Astigarraga Cristina Miguélez Gabriel Barreda-Gómez |
| author_sort | Celtia Domínguez-Fernández |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurodegenerative disorders are characterised by progressive neuron loss in specific brain areas. The most common are Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; in both cases, diagnosis is based on clinical tests with limited capability to discriminate between similar neurodegenerative disorders and detect the early stages of the disease. It is common that by the time a patient is diagnosed with the disease, the level of neurodegeneration is already severe. Thus, it is critical to find new diagnostic methods that allow earlier and more accurate disease detection. This study reviews the methods available for the clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and potentially interesting new technologies. Neuroimaging techniques are the most widely used in clinical practice, and new techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have significantly improved the diagnosis quality. Identifying biomarkers in peripheral samples such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid is a major focus of the current research on neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery of good markers could allow preventive screening to identify early or asymptomatic stages of the neurodegenerative process. These methods, in combination with artificial intelligence, could contribute to the generation of predictive models that will help clinicians in the early diagnosis, stratification, and prognostic assessment of patients, leading to improvements in patient treatment and quality of life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:44:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c6b6cbb8f52745f4a726909b7700928c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:44:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6b6cbb8f52745f4a726909b7700928c2023-11-16T20:58:22ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244332110.3390/ijms24043321Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative DisordersCeltia Domínguez-Fernández0June Egiguren-Ortiz1Jone Razquin2Margarita Gómez-Galán3Laura De las Heras-García4Elena Paredes-Rodríguez5Egoitz Astigarraga6Cristina Miguélez7Gabriel Barreda-Gómez8Research and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48160 Derio, SpainResearch and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48160 Derio, SpainDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainResearch and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48160 Derio, SpainResearch and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48160 Derio, SpainDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, SpainResearch and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48160 Derio, SpainNeurodegenerative disorders are characterised by progressive neuron loss in specific brain areas. The most common are Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; in both cases, diagnosis is based on clinical tests with limited capability to discriminate between similar neurodegenerative disorders and detect the early stages of the disease. It is common that by the time a patient is diagnosed with the disease, the level of neurodegeneration is already severe. Thus, it is critical to find new diagnostic methods that allow earlier and more accurate disease detection. This study reviews the methods available for the clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and potentially interesting new technologies. Neuroimaging techniques are the most widely used in clinical practice, and new techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have significantly improved the diagnosis quality. Identifying biomarkers in peripheral samples such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid is a major focus of the current research on neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery of good markers could allow preventive screening to identify early or asymptomatic stages of the neurodegenerative process. These methods, in combination with artificial intelligence, could contribute to the generation of predictive models that will help clinicians in the early diagnosis, stratification, and prognostic assessment of patients, leading to improvements in patient treatment and quality of life.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3321biomarkerParkinson’s diseaseAlzheimer’s diseaseimaging techniquesneuroinflammationexosomes |
| spellingShingle | Celtia Domínguez-Fernández June Egiguren-Ortiz Jone Razquin Margarita Gómez-Galán Laura De las Heras-García Elena Paredes-Rodríguez Egoitz Astigarraga Cristina Miguélez Gabriel Barreda-Gómez Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders International Journal of Molecular Sciences biomarker Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer’s disease imaging techniques neuroinflammation exosomes |
| title | Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_full | Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_short | Review of Technological Challenges in Personalised Medicine and Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_sort | review of technological challenges in personalised medicine and early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders |
| topic | biomarker Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer’s disease imaging techniques neuroinflammation exosomes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3321 |
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