Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes of blindness in elderly populations. However, the dry form of AMD has lack of effective treatments. The fruits of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> are rich in anthocyanins. In this study, the protective effects of aronia fruit ex...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4411 |
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| author | Yan Xing Shan Liang Yuanyuan Zhao Shuo Yang He Ni Haihang Li |
| author_facet | Yan Xing Shan Liang Yuanyuan Zhao Shuo Yang He Ni Haihang Li |
| author_sort | Yan Xing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes of blindness in elderly populations. However, the dry form of AMD has lack of effective treatments. The fruits of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> are rich in anthocyanins. In this study, the protective effects of aronia fruit extract on rat retina were investigated using a NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced dry AMD model. Full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) showed that b-wave amplitudes were significantly decreased and the retina structures were disordered in the model. The extract treatment alleviated the injuries. The b-wave amplitudes increased 61.5% in Scotopic 0.01ERG, 122.0% in Photopic 3.0ERG, and 106.8% in Photopic 3.0 flicker; the retina structure disorder was improved with the thickness of outer nuclear layer increasing by 44.1%; and the malonaldehyde level was significantly reduced in extract-treated rat retinas compared to the model. The proteomics analysis showed the expressions of five crystallin proteins, α-crystallin A chain, β-crystallin B2, β-crystallin A3, α-crystallin B chain, and γ-crystallin S, which protect retina ganglion cells, were increased by 7.38-, 7.74-, 15.30-, 4.86-, and 9.14-fold, respectively, in the extract treatment compared to the control, which was also confirmed by immunoblotting. The results suggest that aronia fruit extract, probably due to its anthocyanins, could protect the rat retina by alleviating oxidative damages and by upregulating the crystallin proteins to protect its nerve system. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:23:45Z |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-c6d30ee391a14c45a047a1df025718f62023-11-23T09:57:20ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-12-011312441110.3390/nu13124411Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat RetinaYan Xing0Shan Liang1Yuanyuan Zhao2Shuo Yang3He Ni4Haihang Li5Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, ChinaKey Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center), Beijing 102206, ChinaGuozhen Health Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, ChinaAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes of blindness in elderly populations. However, the dry form of AMD has lack of effective treatments. The fruits of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> are rich in anthocyanins. In this study, the protective effects of aronia fruit extract on rat retina were investigated using a NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced dry AMD model. Full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) showed that b-wave amplitudes were significantly decreased and the retina structures were disordered in the model. The extract treatment alleviated the injuries. The b-wave amplitudes increased 61.5% in Scotopic 0.01ERG, 122.0% in Photopic 3.0ERG, and 106.8% in Photopic 3.0 flicker; the retina structure disorder was improved with the thickness of outer nuclear layer increasing by 44.1%; and the malonaldehyde level was significantly reduced in extract-treated rat retinas compared to the model. The proteomics analysis showed the expressions of five crystallin proteins, α-crystallin A chain, β-crystallin B2, β-crystallin A3, α-crystallin B chain, and γ-crystallin S, which protect retina ganglion cells, were increased by 7.38-, 7.74-, 15.30-, 4.86-, and 9.14-fold, respectively, in the extract treatment compared to the control, which was also confirmed by immunoblotting. The results suggest that aronia fruit extract, probably due to its anthocyanins, could protect the rat retina by alleviating oxidative damages and by upregulating the crystallin proteins to protect its nerve system.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4411age-related macular degeneration (AMD)anthocyanidinantioxidant effectcrystallin proteinssecondary degeneration |
| spellingShingle | Yan Xing Shan Liang Yuanyuan Zhao Shuo Yang He Ni Haihang Li Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina Nutrients age-related macular degeneration (AMD) anthocyanidin antioxidant effect crystallin proteins secondary degeneration |
| title | Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina |
| title_full | Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina |
| title_fullStr | Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina |
| title_short | Protection of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> Fruit Extract from Sodium-Iodate-Induced Damages in Rat Retina |
| title_sort | protection of i aronia melanocarpa i fruit extract from sodium iodate induced damages in rat retina |
| topic | age-related macular degeneration (AMD) anthocyanidin antioxidant effect crystallin proteins secondary degeneration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4411 |
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