| Summary: | Physical models are suitable for the development and optimization of materials and cell designs, whereas models based on experimental data and electrical equivalent circuits (EECs) are suitable for the development of operation estimators, both for cells and batteries. This research work develops an innovative unsupervised artificial neural network (ANN) training cost function for identifying equivalent circuit parameters using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to identify and monitor parameter variations associated with different physicochemical processes that can be related to the states or failure modes in batteries. Many techniques and algorithms are used to fit a predefined EEC parameter, many requiring high-human-expertise support work. However, once the appropriate EEC model is selected to model the different physicochemical processes associated with a given battery technology, the challenge is to implement algorithms that can automatically calculate parameter variations in real time to allow the implementation of estimators of capacity, health, safety, and other degradation modes. Based on previous studies using data augmentation techniques, the new ANN deep learning method introduced in this study yields better results than classical training algorithms. The data used in this work are based on an aging and characterization dataset for 80 Ah and 12 V lead–acid batteries.
|
|---|