Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate

Indentation is an effective indication of LVI damage in PMCs. However, indentation can rebound partly with time. Thus, a good understanding of the rebound behavior of the impacted pit is helpful in damage assessment for composites. In this paper, a transverse isotropic viscoelastic model and a visco...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Yousaf, Chuwei Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-10-01
Series:Aerospace
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/11/651
_version_ 1827647691093442560
author Muhammad Yousaf
Chuwei Zhou
author_facet Muhammad Yousaf
Chuwei Zhou
author_sort Muhammad Yousaf
collection DOAJ
description Indentation is an effective indication of LVI damage in PMCs. However, indentation can rebound partly with time. Thus, a good understanding of the rebound behavior of the impacted pit is helpful in damage assessment for composites. In this paper, a transverse isotropic viscoelastic model and a viscoelastic cohesive interface model are proposed to represent the viscoelastic properties of ply and the interface between adjacent plies, respectively. In these models, we implement the in-plane 3D Hashin failure criterion to simulate ply level failures and the stress-based quadratic failure criterion and linear softening mixed-mode BK law to simulate cohesive interface failure initiation and propagation, respectively. LVI testing was performed on specimens at different impact energies (30 J, 40 J, and 50 J). Dents induced by impact will eventually rebound due to the viscoelastic behavior of plies and cohesive interfaces. This results in a decrease in depth with time. This indentation and its rebound phenomenon were simulated in ABAQUS by considering viscoelasticity with user-defined material subroutines. The simulation results show good agreement with the experimental observations and are validated accurately in terms of the indentation’s initial depth upon impact and its final rebound with time. From experiments, it was observed that the decrease in the original depth of indentation initially becomes faster with time after impact; then, it slows down with time and eventually stops due to viscoelasticity. While this decrease in the original depth of indentation remains invariable with time in simulation, it has a different rebound path.
first_indexed 2024-03-09T19:22:17Z
format Article
id doaj.art-c6ee9c3079d44f9fa296b9f347f9965f
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 2226-4310
language English
last_indexed 2024-03-09T19:22:17Z
publishDate 2022-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Aerospace
spelling doaj.art-c6ee9c3079d44f9fa296b9f347f9965f2023-11-24T03:15:13ZengMDPI AGAerospace2226-43102022-10-0191165110.3390/aerospace9110651Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite LaminateMuhammad Yousaf0Chuwei Zhou1Department of Engineering Mechanics, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaIndentation is an effective indication of LVI damage in PMCs. However, indentation can rebound partly with time. Thus, a good understanding of the rebound behavior of the impacted pit is helpful in damage assessment for composites. In this paper, a transverse isotropic viscoelastic model and a viscoelastic cohesive interface model are proposed to represent the viscoelastic properties of ply and the interface between adjacent plies, respectively. In these models, we implement the in-plane 3D Hashin failure criterion to simulate ply level failures and the stress-based quadratic failure criterion and linear softening mixed-mode BK law to simulate cohesive interface failure initiation and propagation, respectively. LVI testing was performed on specimens at different impact energies (30 J, 40 J, and 50 J). Dents induced by impact will eventually rebound due to the viscoelastic behavior of plies and cohesive interfaces. This results in a decrease in depth with time. This indentation and its rebound phenomenon were simulated in ABAQUS by considering viscoelasticity with user-defined material subroutines. The simulation results show good agreement with the experimental observations and are validated accurately in terms of the indentation’s initial depth upon impact and its final rebound with time. From experiments, it was observed that the decrease in the original depth of indentation initially becomes faster with time after impact; then, it slows down with time and eventually stops due to viscoelasticity. While this decrease in the original depth of indentation remains invariable with time in simulation, it has a different rebound path.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/11/651low-velocity impact (LVI)rebound of impact indentationfinite element simulationelement-based viscoelastic cohesive interfaceviscoelastic laminae model
spellingShingle Muhammad Yousaf
Chuwei Zhou
Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate
Aerospace
low-velocity impact (LVI)
rebound of impact indentation
finite element simulation
element-based viscoelastic cohesive interface
viscoelastic laminae model
title Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate
title_full Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate
title_fullStr Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate
title_full_unstemmed Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate
title_short Numerical Study on the Rebound of Low-Velocity Impact-Induced Indentation in Composite Laminate
title_sort numerical study on the rebound of low velocity impact induced indentation in composite laminate
topic low-velocity impact (LVI)
rebound of impact indentation
finite element simulation
element-based viscoelastic cohesive interface
viscoelastic laminae model
url https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/11/651
work_keys_str_mv AT muhammadyousaf numericalstudyonthereboundoflowvelocityimpactinducedindentationincompositelaminate
AT chuweizhou numericalstudyonthereboundoflowvelocityimpactinducedindentationincompositelaminate