Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator
Abstract Background Single limb support phase of the gait-cycle in patients who are treated for a pertrochanteric fracture is characterized by transversal loads acting on the lag screw, tending to block its dynamization. If the simultaneous axial force overcomes transversal loads of the sliding scre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-024-07392-3 |
| _version_ | 1797209582718681088 |
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| author | Milan M Mitkovic Nikola D Korunovic Sasa S Milenkovic Predrag M Stojiljkovic Miodrag T Manic Miroslav D Trajanovic |
| author_facet | Milan M Mitkovic Nikola D Korunovic Sasa S Milenkovic Predrag M Stojiljkovic Miodrag T Manic Miroslav D Trajanovic |
| author_sort | Milan M Mitkovic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Single limb support phase of the gait-cycle in patients who are treated for a pertrochanteric fracture is characterized by transversal loads acting on the lag screw, tending to block its dynamization. If the simultaneous axial force overcomes transversal loads of the sliding screw, the dynamization can still occur. Methods Biomechanical investigation was performed for three types of dynamic implants: Gamma Nail, and two types of Selfdynamizable Internal Fixators (SIF) – SIF-7 (containing two 7 mm non-cannulated sliding screws), and SIF-10 (containing one 10 mm cannulated sliding screw). Contact surface between the stem and the sliding screws is larger in SIF implants than in Gamma Nail, as the stem of Gamma Nail is hollow. A special testing device was designed for this study to provide simultaneous application of a controlled sliding screws bending moment and a controlled transversal load on sliding screws (Qt) without using of weights. Using each of the implants, axial forces required to initiate sliding screws dynamization (Qa) were applied and measured using a tensile testing machine, for several values of sliding screws bending moment. Standard least-squares method was used to present the results through the linear regression model. Results Positive correlation between Qt and Qa was confirmed (p < 0.05). While performing higher bending moments in all the tested implants, Qa was higher than it could be provided by the body weight. It was the highest in Gamma Nail, and the lowest in SIF-10. Conclusions A larger contact surface between a sliding screw and stem results in lower forces required to initiate dynamization of a sliding screw. Patients treated for a pertrochanteric fracture by a sliding screw internal fixation who have longer femoral neck or higher body weight could have different programme of early postoperative rehabilitation than lighter patients or patients with shorter femoral neck. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:57:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c72bc0974e8b4637b7b9e1918c84890f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:57:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-c72bc0974e8b4637b7b9e1918c84890f2024-04-14T11:05:41ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742024-04-012511710.1186/s12891-024-07392-3Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixatorMilan M Mitkovic0Nikola D Korunovic1Sasa S Milenkovic2Predrag M Stojiljkovic3Miodrag T Manic4Miroslav D Trajanovic5Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology “Academician Prof. Dr. Milorad Mitkovic”, University Clinical Center NisFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of NisClinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology “Academician Prof. Dr. Milorad Mitkovic”, University Clinical Center NisClinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology “Academician Prof. Dr. Milorad Mitkovic”, University Clinical Center NisFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of NisFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of NisAbstract Background Single limb support phase of the gait-cycle in patients who are treated for a pertrochanteric fracture is characterized by transversal loads acting on the lag screw, tending to block its dynamization. If the simultaneous axial force overcomes transversal loads of the sliding screw, the dynamization can still occur. Methods Biomechanical investigation was performed for three types of dynamic implants: Gamma Nail, and two types of Selfdynamizable Internal Fixators (SIF) – SIF-7 (containing two 7 mm non-cannulated sliding screws), and SIF-10 (containing one 10 mm cannulated sliding screw). Contact surface between the stem and the sliding screws is larger in SIF implants than in Gamma Nail, as the stem of Gamma Nail is hollow. A special testing device was designed for this study to provide simultaneous application of a controlled sliding screws bending moment and a controlled transversal load on sliding screws (Qt) without using of weights. Using each of the implants, axial forces required to initiate sliding screws dynamization (Qa) were applied and measured using a tensile testing machine, for several values of sliding screws bending moment. Standard least-squares method was used to present the results through the linear regression model. Results Positive correlation between Qt and Qa was confirmed (p < 0.05). While performing higher bending moments in all the tested implants, Qa was higher than it could be provided by the body weight. It was the highest in Gamma Nail, and the lowest in SIF-10. Conclusions A larger contact surface between a sliding screw and stem results in lower forces required to initiate dynamization of a sliding screw. Patients treated for a pertrochanteric fracture by a sliding screw internal fixation who have longer femoral neck or higher body weight could have different programme of early postoperative rehabilitation than lighter patients or patients with shorter femoral neck.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-024-07392-3DynamizationLag screwPertrochanteric fractureGait |
| spellingShingle | Milan M Mitkovic Nikola D Korunovic Sasa S Milenkovic Predrag M Stojiljkovic Miodrag T Manic Miroslav D Trajanovic Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Dynamization Lag screw Pertrochanteric fracture Gait |
| title | Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator |
| title_full | Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator |
| title_fullStr | Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator |
| title_short | Forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator |
| title_sort | forces required to dynamize sliding screws in gamma nail and selfdynamizable internal fixator |
| topic | Dynamization Lag screw Pertrochanteric fracture Gait |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-024-07392-3 |
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