Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test
Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays against the spike (S) protein are useful for monitoring immune response after infection or vaccination. We compared the results of three chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs) (Abbott, Roche, Siemens) and a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT, GenScript)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/8/1496 |
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| author | Yoonjoo Kim Ji Hyun Lee Geon Young Ko Ji Hyeong Ryu Joo Hee Jang Hyunjoo Bae Seung-Hyo Yoo Ae-Ran Choi Jin Jung Jongmin Lee Eun-Jee Oh |
| author_facet | Yoonjoo Kim Ji Hyun Lee Geon Young Ko Ji Hyeong Ryu Joo Hee Jang Hyunjoo Bae Seung-Hyo Yoo Ae-Ran Choi Jin Jung Jongmin Lee Eun-Jee Oh |
| author_sort | Yoonjoo Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays against the spike (S) protein are useful for monitoring immune response after infection or vaccination. We compared the results of three chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs) (Abbott, Roche, Siemens) and a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT, GenScript) using 191 sequential samples from 32 COVID-19 patients. All assays detected >90% of samples collected 14 days after symptom onset (Abbott 97.4%, Roche 96.2%, Siemens 92.3%, and GenScript 96.2%), and overall agreement among the four assays was 91.1% to 96.3%. When we assessed time-course antibody levels, the Abbott and Siemens assays showed higher levels in patients with severe disease (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Antibody levels from the three CLIAs were correlated (r = 0.763–0.885). However, Passing–Bablok regression analysis showed significant proportional differences between assays and converting results to binding antibody units (BAU)/mL still showed substantial bias. CLIAs had good performance in predicting sVNT positivity (Area Under the Curve (AUC), 0.959–0.987), with Abbott having the highest AUC value (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SARS-CoV-2 S protein antibody levels as assessed by the CLIAs were not interchangeable, but showed reliable performance for predicting sVNT results. Further standardization and harmonization of immunoassays might be helpful in monitoring immune status after COVID-19 infection or vaccination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:52:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c733b064d3d04e9ba7d71e13c13e1194 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:52:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c733b064d3d04e9ba7d71e13c13e11942023-11-22T07:21:20ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-08-01118149610.3390/diagnostics11081496Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization TestYoonjoo Kim0Ji Hyun Lee1Geon Young Ko2Ji Hyeong Ryu3Joo Hee Jang4Hyunjoo Bae5Seung-Hyo Yoo6Ae-Ran Choi7Jin Jung8Jongmin Lee9Eun-Jee Oh10Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, KoreaQuantitative SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays against the spike (S) protein are useful for monitoring immune response after infection or vaccination. We compared the results of three chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs) (Abbott, Roche, Siemens) and a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT, GenScript) using 191 sequential samples from 32 COVID-19 patients. All assays detected >90% of samples collected 14 days after symptom onset (Abbott 97.4%, Roche 96.2%, Siemens 92.3%, and GenScript 96.2%), and overall agreement among the four assays was 91.1% to 96.3%. When we assessed time-course antibody levels, the Abbott and Siemens assays showed higher levels in patients with severe disease (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Antibody levels from the three CLIAs were correlated (r = 0.763–0.885). However, Passing–Bablok regression analysis showed significant proportional differences between assays and converting results to binding antibody units (BAU)/mL still showed substantial bias. CLIAs had good performance in predicting sVNT positivity (Area Under the Curve (AUC), 0.959–0.987), with Abbott having the highest AUC value (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SARS-CoV-2 S protein antibody levels as assessed by the CLIAs were not interchangeable, but showed reliable performance for predicting sVNT results. Further standardization and harmonization of immunoassays might be helpful in monitoring immune status after COVID-19 infection or vaccination.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/8/1496SARS-CoV-2 antibodychemiluminescent immunoassayneutralizing antibodyquantitationbinding antibody units |
| spellingShingle | Yoonjoo Kim Ji Hyun Lee Geon Young Ko Ji Hyeong Ryu Joo Hee Jang Hyunjoo Bae Seung-Hyo Yoo Ae-Ran Choi Jin Jung Jongmin Lee Eun-Jee Oh Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Diagnostics SARS-CoV-2 antibody chemiluminescent immunoassay neutralizing antibody quantitation binding antibody units |
| title | Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test |
| title_full | Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test |
| title_short | Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients Using Three Fully Automated Immunoassays and a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test |
| title_sort | quantitative sars cov 2 spike antibody response in covid 19 patients using three fully automated immunoassays and a surrogate virus neutralization test |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 antibody chemiluminescent immunoassay neutralizing antibody quantitation binding antibody units |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/8/1496 |
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