Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria
The fight against malaria is a continuum as the epidemic is not abating. For proper deployment of tools in the fight against malaria, an assessment of the situation is necessary. This work assessed the level of antimalarial drug treatment failure in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Both survey and in vitro an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Xenobiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/13/1/3 |
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| author | Chinedu Ogbonnia Egwu Chinyere Aloke Jennifer Chukwu Joshua Chidiebere Nwankwo Chinemerem Irem Kingsley E. Nwagu Felix Nwite Anthony Ogbonnaya Agwu Esther Alum Christian E. Offor Nwogo Ajuka Obasi |
| author_facet | Chinedu Ogbonnia Egwu Chinyere Aloke Jennifer Chukwu Joshua Chidiebere Nwankwo Chinemerem Irem Kingsley E. Nwagu Felix Nwite Anthony Ogbonnaya Agwu Esther Alum Christian E. Offor Nwogo Ajuka Obasi |
| author_sort | Chinedu Ogbonnia Egwu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fight against malaria is a continuum as the epidemic is not abating. For proper deployment of tools in the fight against malaria, an assessment of the situation is necessary. This work assessed the level of antimalarial drug treatment failure in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Both survey and in vitro analyses were adopted. The survey was used to obtain qualitative information from both the malaria subjects and the pharmacies where antimalarial drugs are sourced. The results from the survey were complemented by an in vitro assay of the level of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the commonly used artemisinin combination in Nigeria; artemether/lumefantrine. Results from the survey revealed that artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) remain the mainstay in the treatment of malaria, even though other non-artemisinin drugs are still used. It also revealed that many patients still self-medicate, although, this may not be connected to the treatment failure seen among some malaria subjects. The in vitro assay showed that ACT contains the right quantity of APIs. Further surveillance is, therefore, necessary to understand the real cause of treatment failure among malaria subjects in Nigeria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:20:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c735e828c8524082991ef32ccf45020f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2039-4705 2039-4713 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:20:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Xenobiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c735e828c8524082991ef32ccf45020f2023-11-17T12:01:17ZengMDPI AGJournal of Xenobiotics2039-47052039-47132023-01-01131162610.3390/jox13010003Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast NigeriaChinedu Ogbonnia Egwu0Chinyere Aloke1Jennifer Chukwu2Joshua Chidiebere Nwankwo3Chinemerem Irem4Kingsley E. Nwagu5Felix Nwite6Anthony Ogbonnaya Agwu7Esther Alum8Christian E. Offor9Nwogo Ajuka Obasi10Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki PMB 1010, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki PMB 1010, NigeriaWorld Health Organization, 4th Floor, United Nations House Plot 617/618 Central Area District, Abuja PMB 2861, NigeriaDepartment of Biotechnology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki PMB 1010, NigeriaDepartment of Biotechnology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki PMB 1010, NigeriaDepartment of Biotechnology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki PMB 1010, NigeriaBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki PMB 53, NigeriaBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki PMB 53, NigeriaBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki PMB 53, NigeriaBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki PMB 53, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki PMB 1010, NigeriaThe fight against malaria is a continuum as the epidemic is not abating. For proper deployment of tools in the fight against malaria, an assessment of the situation is necessary. This work assessed the level of antimalarial drug treatment failure in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Both survey and in vitro analyses were adopted. The survey was used to obtain qualitative information from both the malaria subjects and the pharmacies where antimalarial drugs are sourced. The results from the survey were complemented by an in vitro assay of the level of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the commonly used artemisinin combination in Nigeria; artemether/lumefantrine. Results from the survey revealed that artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) remain the mainstay in the treatment of malaria, even though other non-artemisinin drugs are still used. It also revealed that many patients still self-medicate, although, this may not be connected to the treatment failure seen among some malaria subjects. The in vitro assay showed that ACT contains the right quantity of APIs. Further surveillance is, therefore, necessary to understand the real cause of treatment failure among malaria subjects in Nigeria.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/13/1/3malariasurveyantimalarialfailureACTstreatment |
| spellingShingle | Chinedu Ogbonnia Egwu Chinyere Aloke Jennifer Chukwu Joshua Chidiebere Nwankwo Chinemerem Irem Kingsley E. Nwagu Felix Nwite Anthony Ogbonnaya Agwu Esther Alum Christian E. Offor Nwogo Ajuka Obasi Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria Journal of Xenobiotics malaria survey antimalarial failure ACTs treatment |
| title | Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria |
| title_full | Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria |
| title_short | Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria |
| title_sort | assessment of the antimalarial treatment failure in ebonyi state southeast nigeria |
| topic | malaria survey antimalarial failure ACTs treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/13/1/3 |
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