Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds
A new para-aramid aerogel based on a polymer made by the reaction of terephthaloyl dichloride with 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine (PABI) is introduced. The aerogel readily bound Pd (+2) ions and was used as a hydrogenation catalyst in some industrially actual reactions. The new material,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/15/3206 |
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| author | Sergey A. Lermontov Nikita E. Vlasenko Nataliya A. Sipyagina Alena N. Malkova Inna O. Gozhikova Alexander E. Baranchikov Evgeniya I. Knerelman |
| author_facet | Sergey A. Lermontov Nikita E. Vlasenko Nataliya A. Sipyagina Alena N. Malkova Inna O. Gozhikova Alexander E. Baranchikov Evgeniya I. Knerelman |
| author_sort | Sergey A. Lermontov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new para-aramid aerogel based on a polymer made by the reaction of terephthaloyl dichloride with 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine (PABI) is introduced. The aerogel readily bound Pd (+2) ions and was used as a hydrogenation catalyst in some industrially actual reactions. The new material, which did not contain p-phenylenediamine moieties, was prepared in two form factors: bulk samples and spherical pellets of 700–900 μm in diameter. Aerogels were synthesized from 1% or 5% solutions of PABI in N,N-dimethylacetamide via gelation with acetone or isopropanol and had a density of 0.057 or 0.375 g/cm<sup>3</sup> depending on the concentration of the starting PABI solution. The specific surface area of the obtained samples was 470 or 320 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Spherical pellets containing Pd were prepared from a solution of PdCl<sub>2</sub> in PABI and were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the gas-phase hydrogenation of unsaturated organic compounds presenting the main types of industrially important substrates: olefins, acetylenes, aromatics, carbonyls, and nitriles. Catalytic hydrogenation of gaseous hexene-1, hexyne-3, cyclohexene, and acrylonitrile C=C bond proceeded with a 99% conversion at ambient pressure, but the catalyst failed to reduce acetone at 150 °C and benzene and ethyl acetate even at 200 °C. The only product of acrylonitrile hydrogenation was propionitrile. The prepared catalysts showed high selectivity, which is important for the chemistry of complex organic compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:18:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c74277fbee37474d9532dc4c43adecfc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:18:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-c74277fbee37474d9532dc4c43adecfc2023-11-18T23:28:01ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-07-011515320610.3390/polym15153206Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic CompoundsSergey A. Lermontov0Nikita E. Vlasenko1Nataliya A. Sipyagina2Alena N. Malkova3Inna O. Gozhikova4Alexander E. Baranchikov5Evgeniya I. Knerelman6Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka 142432, RussiaInstitute of Physiologically Active Compounds of Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka 142432, RussiaInstitute of Physiologically Active Compounds of Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka 142432, RussiaInstitute of Physiologically Active Compounds of Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka 142432, RussiaInstitute of Physiologically Active Compounds of Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severnij pr., Chernogolovka 142432, RussiaKurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp., 31, Moscow 119991, RussiaFederal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Ac. Semenov avenue, Chernogolovka 142432, RussiaA new para-aramid aerogel based on a polymer made by the reaction of terephthaloyl dichloride with 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine (PABI) is introduced. The aerogel readily bound Pd (+2) ions and was used as a hydrogenation catalyst in some industrially actual reactions. The new material, which did not contain p-phenylenediamine moieties, was prepared in two form factors: bulk samples and spherical pellets of 700–900 μm in diameter. Aerogels were synthesized from 1% or 5% solutions of PABI in N,N-dimethylacetamide via gelation with acetone or isopropanol and had a density of 0.057 or 0.375 g/cm<sup>3</sup> depending on the concentration of the starting PABI solution. The specific surface area of the obtained samples was 470 or 320 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Spherical pellets containing Pd were prepared from a solution of PdCl<sub>2</sub> in PABI and were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the gas-phase hydrogenation of unsaturated organic compounds presenting the main types of industrially important substrates: olefins, acetylenes, aromatics, carbonyls, and nitriles. Catalytic hydrogenation of gaseous hexene-1, hexyne-3, cyclohexene, and acrylonitrile C=C bond proceeded with a 99% conversion at ambient pressure, but the catalyst failed to reduce acetone at 150 °C and benzene and ethyl acetate even at 200 °C. The only product of acrylonitrile hydrogenation was propionitrile. The prepared catalysts showed high selectivity, which is important for the chemistry of complex organic compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/15/3206para-aramidaerogelPABIporous structuresupercritical dryingpalladium |
| spellingShingle | Sergey A. Lermontov Nikita E. Vlasenko Nataliya A. Sipyagina Alena N. Malkova Inna O. Gozhikova Alexander E. Baranchikov Evgeniya I. Knerelman Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds Polymers para-aramid aerogel PABI porous structure supercritical drying palladium |
| title | Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds |
| title_full | Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds |
| title_fullStr | Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds |
| title_short | Highly Porous Para-Aramid Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Organic Compounds |
| title_sort | highly porous para aramid aerogel as a heterogeneous catalyst for selective hydrogenation of unsaturated organic compounds |
| topic | para-aramid aerogel PABI porous structure supercritical drying palladium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/15/3206 |
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