Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin
Skin plays an important role in protection, metabolism, thermoregulation, sensation, and excretion whilst being consistently exposed to environmental aggression, including biotic and abiotic stresses. During the generation of oxidative stress in the skin, the epidermal and dermal cells are generally...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3981 |
| _version_ | 1797620427025022976 |
|---|---|
| author | Ankush Prasad Hana Duchová Renuka Ramalingam Manoharan Deepak Rathi Pavel Pospíšil |
| author_facet | Ankush Prasad Hana Duchová Renuka Ramalingam Manoharan Deepak Rathi Pavel Pospíšil |
| author_sort | Ankush Prasad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Skin plays an important role in protection, metabolism, thermoregulation, sensation, and excretion whilst being consistently exposed to environmental aggression, including biotic and abiotic stresses. During the generation of oxidative stress in the skin, the epidermal and dermal cells are generally regarded as the most affected regions. The participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a result of environmental fluctuations has been experimentally proven by several researchers and is well known to contribute to ultra-weak photon emission via the oxidation of biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids). More recently, ultra-weak photon emission detection techniques have been introduced to investigate the conditions of oxidative stress in various living systems in in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies. Research into two-dimensional photon imaging is drawing growing attention because of its application as a non-invasive tool. We monitored spontaneous and stress-induced ultra-weak photon emission under the exogenous application of a Fenton reagent. The results showed a marked difference in the ultra-weak photon emission. Overall, these results suggest that triplet carbonyl (<sup>3</sup>C=O<sup>∗</sup>) and singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) are the final emitters. Furthermore, the formation of oxidatively modified protein adducts and protein carbonyl formation upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) were observed using an immunoblotting assay. The results from this study broaden our understanding of the mechanism of the generation of ROS in skin layers and the formation/contribution of various excited species can be used as tools to determine the physiological state of the organism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c743ae6baebe42c6b47e910bfedf8c97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c743ae6baebe42c6b47e910bfedf8c972023-11-16T21:07:45ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244398110.3390/ijms24043981Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in SkinAnkush Prasad0Hana Duchová1Renuka Ramalingam Manoharan2Deepak Rathi3Pavel Pospíšil4Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech RepublicDepartment of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech RepublicSkin plays an important role in protection, metabolism, thermoregulation, sensation, and excretion whilst being consistently exposed to environmental aggression, including biotic and abiotic stresses. During the generation of oxidative stress in the skin, the epidermal and dermal cells are generally regarded as the most affected regions. The participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a result of environmental fluctuations has been experimentally proven by several researchers and is well known to contribute to ultra-weak photon emission via the oxidation of biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids). More recently, ultra-weak photon emission detection techniques have been introduced to investigate the conditions of oxidative stress in various living systems in in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies. Research into two-dimensional photon imaging is drawing growing attention because of its application as a non-invasive tool. We monitored spontaneous and stress-induced ultra-weak photon emission under the exogenous application of a Fenton reagent. The results showed a marked difference in the ultra-weak photon emission. Overall, these results suggest that triplet carbonyl (<sup>3</sup>C=O<sup>∗</sup>) and singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) are the final emitters. Furthermore, the formation of oxidatively modified protein adducts and protein carbonyl formation upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) were observed using an immunoblotting assay. The results from this study broaden our understanding of the mechanism of the generation of ROS in skin layers and the formation/contribution of various excited species can be used as tools to determine the physiological state of the organism.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3981porcine skinprotein modificationoxidative radical reactionprotein carbonylstwo-dimensional imagingultra-weak photon emission |
| spellingShingle | Ankush Prasad Hana Duchová Renuka Ramalingam Manoharan Deepak Rathi Pavel Pospíšil Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin International Journal of Molecular Sciences porcine skin protein modification oxidative radical reaction protein carbonyls two-dimensional imaging ultra-weak photon emission |
| title | Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin |
| title_full | Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin |
| title_fullStr | Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin |
| title_short | Imaging and Characterization of Oxidative Protein Modifications in Skin |
| title_sort | imaging and characterization of oxidative protein modifications in skin |
| topic | porcine skin protein modification oxidative radical reaction protein carbonyls two-dimensional imaging ultra-weak photon emission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3981 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ankushprasad imagingandcharacterizationofoxidativeproteinmodificationsinskin AT hanaduchova imagingandcharacterizationofoxidativeproteinmodificationsinskin AT renukaramalingammanoharan imagingandcharacterizationofoxidativeproteinmodificationsinskin AT deepakrathi imagingandcharacterizationofoxidativeproteinmodificationsinskin AT pavelpospisil imagingandcharacterizationofoxidativeproteinmodificationsinskin |