<i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants

Plant pathogenic fungi must be able to degrade host cell walls in order to penetrate and invade plant tissues. Among the plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) produced, xylanases are of special interest since its degradation target, xylan, is one of the main structural polysaccharides in plant...

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Main Authors: Ismael Moreno-Sánchez, María Dolores Pejenaute-Ochoa, Blanca Navarrete, Ramón R. Barrales, José I. Ibeas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-12-01
Series:Journal of Fungi
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/12/1081
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author Ismael Moreno-Sánchez
María Dolores Pejenaute-Ochoa
Blanca Navarrete
Ramón R. Barrales
José I. Ibeas
author_facet Ismael Moreno-Sánchez
María Dolores Pejenaute-Ochoa
Blanca Navarrete
Ramón R. Barrales
José I. Ibeas
author_sort Ismael Moreno-Sánchez
collection DOAJ
description Plant pathogenic fungi must be able to degrade host cell walls in order to penetrate and invade plant tissues. Among the plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) produced, xylanases are of special interest since its degradation target, xylan, is one of the main structural polysaccharides in plant cell walls. In the biotrophic fungus <i>Ustilago maydis</i>, attempts to characterize PCWDEs required for virulence have been unsuccessful, most likely due to functional redundancy. In previous high-throughput screening, we found one xylanase to be important for <i>U. maydis</i> infection. Here, we characterize the entire <i>U. maydis</i> endo-xylanase family, comprising two enzymes from the glycoside hydrolase (GH) 10 family, Xyn1 and Xyn2, one from GH11, Xyn11A, and one from GH43, Xyn3. We show that all endo-xylanases except Xyn3 are secreted and involved in infection in a non-redundant manner, suggesting different roles for each xylanase in this process. Taking a closer look inside the plant during the pathogenic process, we observed that all secreted xylanases were necessary for fungal proliferation. Finally, we found that at least Xyn11A accumulated in the apoplast of the infected plant after three days, highlighting the role of these enzymes as important secreted proteins during fungal proliferation inside plant tissues.
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spelling doaj.art-c74d4e36545b463db93a13a0e03df4c72023-11-23T09:05:32ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-12-01712108110.3390/jof7121081<i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside PlantsIsmael Moreno-Sánchez0María Dolores Pejenaute-Ochoa1Blanca Navarrete2Ramón R. Barrales3José I. Ibeas4Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-Junta de Andalucía, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013 Seville, SpainCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-Junta de Andalucía, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013 Seville, SpainCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-Junta de Andalucía, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013 Seville, SpainCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-Junta de Andalucía, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013 Seville, SpainCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-Junta de Andalucía, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013 Seville, SpainPlant pathogenic fungi must be able to degrade host cell walls in order to penetrate and invade plant tissues. Among the plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) produced, xylanases are of special interest since its degradation target, xylan, is one of the main structural polysaccharides in plant cell walls. In the biotrophic fungus <i>Ustilago maydis</i>, attempts to characterize PCWDEs required for virulence have been unsuccessful, most likely due to functional redundancy. In previous high-throughput screening, we found one xylanase to be important for <i>U. maydis</i> infection. Here, we characterize the entire <i>U. maydis</i> endo-xylanase family, comprising two enzymes from the glycoside hydrolase (GH) 10 family, Xyn1 and Xyn2, one from GH11, Xyn11A, and one from GH43, Xyn3. We show that all endo-xylanases except Xyn3 are secreted and involved in infection in a non-redundant manner, suggesting different roles for each xylanase in this process. Taking a closer look inside the plant during the pathogenic process, we observed that all secreted xylanases were necessary for fungal proliferation. Finally, we found that at least Xyn11A accumulated in the apoplast of the infected plant after three days, highlighting the role of these enzymes as important secreted proteins during fungal proliferation inside plant tissues.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/12/1081PCWDEsmut fungipathogenesis
spellingShingle Ismael Moreno-Sánchez
María Dolores Pejenaute-Ochoa
Blanca Navarrete
Ramón R. Barrales
José I. Ibeas
<i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants
Journal of Fungi
PCWDE
smut fungi
pathogenesis
title <i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants
title_full <i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants
title_fullStr <i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants
title_full_unstemmed <i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants
title_short <i>Ustilago maydis</i> Secreted Endo-Xylanases Are Involved in Fungal Filamentation and Proliferation on and Inside Plants
title_sort i ustilago maydis i secreted endo xylanases are involved in fungal filamentation and proliferation on and inside plants
topic PCWDE
smut fungi
pathogenesis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/12/1081
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