Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy
The incidence of Diabetes Mellitus is increasing globally. Individuals who have been burdened with diabetes for many years often develop complications as a result of hyperglycemia. More and more research is being conducted highlighting inflammation as an important factor in disease progression. In a...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219598/full |
| _version_ | 1797785398960717824 |
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| author | Lewis Reynolds Zhengkang Luo Kailash Singh |
| author_facet | Lewis Reynolds Zhengkang Luo Kailash Singh |
| author_sort | Lewis Reynolds |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The incidence of Diabetes Mellitus is increasing globally. Individuals who have been burdened with diabetes for many years often develop complications as a result of hyperglycemia. More and more research is being conducted highlighting inflammation as an important factor in disease progression. In all kinds of diabetes, hyperglycemia leads to activation of alternative glucose metabolic pathways, resulting in problematic by-products including reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products. This review takes a look into the pathogenesis of three specific diabetic complications; retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy as well as their current treatment options. By considering recent research papers investigating the effects of immunotherapy on relevant conditions in animal models, multiple strategies are suggested for future treatment and prevention of diabetic complications with an emphasis on molecular targets associated with the inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:53:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c750309399f947f9bf140a87f97ac56a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:53:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c750309399f947f9bf140a87f97ac56a2023-07-07T09:02:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-07-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12195981219598Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapyLewis ReynoldsZhengkang LuoKailash SinghThe incidence of Diabetes Mellitus is increasing globally. Individuals who have been burdened with diabetes for many years often develop complications as a result of hyperglycemia. More and more research is being conducted highlighting inflammation as an important factor in disease progression. In all kinds of diabetes, hyperglycemia leads to activation of alternative glucose metabolic pathways, resulting in problematic by-products including reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products. This review takes a look into the pathogenesis of three specific diabetic complications; retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy as well as their current treatment options. By considering recent research papers investigating the effects of immunotherapy on relevant conditions in animal models, multiple strategies are suggested for future treatment and prevention of diabetic complications with an emphasis on molecular targets associated with the inflammation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219598/fulldiabetes mellitustype 1 diabetes (T1D)type 2 diabetes (T2D)diabetes complicationsimmunotherapyinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Lewis Reynolds Zhengkang Luo Kailash Singh Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy Frontiers in Immunology diabetes mellitus type 1 diabetes (T1D) type 2 diabetes (T2D) diabetes complications immunotherapy inflammation |
| title | Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy |
| title_full | Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy |
| title_short | Diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy |
| title_sort | diabetic complications and prospective immunotherapy |
| topic | diabetes mellitus type 1 diabetes (T1D) type 2 diabetes (T2D) diabetes complications immunotherapy inflammation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219598/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lewisreynolds diabeticcomplicationsandprospectiveimmunotherapy AT zhengkangluo diabeticcomplicationsandprospectiveimmunotherapy AT kailashsingh diabeticcomplicationsandprospectiveimmunotherapy |