Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge
This study aimed to utilize a microwave technology to degrade active organic matters of the municipal dewatered sludge in a high-temperature environment. The effects of extraction agent, nanomaterial assistants, and microwave-absorbing agents and activating agents on the degradation efficiency were...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/6/1175 |
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| author | Huafang Wang Jie Sun Yuzhe Xu Haowen Feng Ling Duan Xin He |
| author_facet | Huafang Wang Jie Sun Yuzhe Xu Haowen Feng Ling Duan Xin He |
| author_sort | Huafang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to utilize a microwave technology to degrade active organic matters of the municipal dewatered sludge in a high-temperature environment. The effects of extraction agent, nanomaterial assistants, and microwave-absorbing agents and activating agents on the degradation efficiency were investigated. Dimethyl carbonate was used as the extraction agent. Nanostructured titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibited effective assistance in the process of microwave treatment. We also developed a kind of microwave-absorbing agent, which was the sludge-based biological carbon. The sodium sulfate (Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>), and magnesium chloride (MgCl<sub>2</sub>) were selected as activating agents to facilitate the organic matter discharging from the sludge. Through optimizing the experimental factors, it was confirmed that 0.1 wt% TiO<sub>2</sub>, 0.1 wt% ZnO, 2 wt% dimethyl carbonate, 10 wt% sludge-based biological carbon, 7.5 wt% Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, 0.5 wt% MgCl<sub>2</sub>, and 6 wt% Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> were the most appropriate addition amounts in the municipal dewatered sludge to make the organic matter decrease from 42.17% to 22.45%, and the moisture content reduce from 82.98% to 0.48% after the microwave treatment. By comparison, the organic matter degradation is almost zero, and the moisture content decreases to 8.69% without any additives. Moreover, the residual inert organic matter and sludge can be further solidified to lightweight construction materials by using liquid sodium silicate as the curing agent. The research provides a significant reference for the effective, fast, and low-cost treatment of the organic matter in the municipal sludge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:48:46Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c774673140c24e0a97d10c33a0674673 |
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| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:48:46Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c774673140c24e0a97d10c33a06746732022-12-22T00:52:51ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-03-0196117510.3390/app9061175app9061175Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered SludgeHuafang Wang0Jie Sun1Yuzhe Xu2Haowen Feng3Ling Duan4Xin He5State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, ChinaSchool of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, ChinaThis study aimed to utilize a microwave technology to degrade active organic matters of the municipal dewatered sludge in a high-temperature environment. The effects of extraction agent, nanomaterial assistants, and microwave-absorbing agents and activating agents on the degradation efficiency were investigated. Dimethyl carbonate was used as the extraction agent. Nanostructured titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibited effective assistance in the process of microwave treatment. We also developed a kind of microwave-absorbing agent, which was the sludge-based biological carbon. The sodium sulfate (Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>), and magnesium chloride (MgCl<sub>2</sub>) were selected as activating agents to facilitate the organic matter discharging from the sludge. Through optimizing the experimental factors, it was confirmed that 0.1 wt% TiO<sub>2</sub>, 0.1 wt% ZnO, 2 wt% dimethyl carbonate, 10 wt% sludge-based biological carbon, 7.5 wt% Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, 0.5 wt% MgCl<sub>2</sub>, and 6 wt% Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> were the most appropriate addition amounts in the municipal dewatered sludge to make the organic matter decrease from 42.17% to 22.45%, and the moisture content reduce from 82.98% to 0.48% after the microwave treatment. By comparison, the organic matter degradation is almost zero, and the moisture content decreases to 8.69% without any additives. Moreover, the residual inert organic matter and sludge can be further solidified to lightweight construction materials by using liquid sodium silicate as the curing agent. The research provides a significant reference for the effective, fast, and low-cost treatment of the organic matter in the municipal sludge.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/6/1175municipal dewatered sludgemicrowaveorganic matter |
| spellingShingle | Huafang Wang Jie Sun Yuzhe Xu Haowen Feng Ling Duan Xin He Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge Applied Sciences municipal dewatered sludge microwave organic matter |
| title | Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge |
| title_full | Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge |
| title_fullStr | Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge |
| title_short | Investigation on Characteristics of Microwave Treatment of Organic Matter in Municipal Dewatered Sludge |
| title_sort | investigation on characteristics of microwave treatment of organic matter in municipal dewatered sludge |
| topic | municipal dewatered sludge microwave organic matter |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/6/1175 |
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