Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene
The formation of underground stem bulblets in lilies is a complex biological process which is key in their micropropagation. Generally, it involves a stem-to-bulblet transition; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. It is important to understand the regulatory mechanism of bulblet forma...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15246 |
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| author | Shaozhong Fang Chenglong Yang Muhammad Moaaz Ali Mi Lin Shengnan Tian Lijuan Zhang Faxing Chen Zhimin Lin |
| author_facet | Shaozhong Fang Chenglong Yang Muhammad Moaaz Ali Mi Lin Shengnan Tian Lijuan Zhang Faxing Chen Zhimin Lin |
| author_sort | Shaozhong Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The formation of underground stem bulblets in lilies is a complex biological process which is key in their micropropagation. Generally, it involves a stem-to-bulblet transition; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. It is important to understand the regulatory mechanism of bulblet formation for the reproductive efficiency of Lilium. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of underground stem bulblet formation under different conditions regarding the gravity point angle of the stem, i.e., vertical (control), horizontal, and slanting. The horizontal and slanting group displayed better formation of bulblets in terms of quality and quantity compared with the control group. A transcriptome analysis revealed that sucrose and starch were key energy sources for bulblet formation, auxin and cytokinin likely promoted bulblet formation, and gibberellin inhibited bulblet formation. Based on transcriptome analysis, we identified the <i>LoLOB18</i> gene, a homolog to <i>AtLOB18</i>, which has been proven to be related to embryogenic development. We established the stem bud growth tissue culture system of Lilium and silenced the <i>LoLOb18</i> gene using the VIGS system. The results showed that the bulblet induction was reduced with down-regulation of <i>LoLOb18</i>, indicating the involvement of <i>LoLOb18</i> in stem bulblet formation in lilies. Our research lays a solid foundation for further molecular studies on stem bulblet formation of lilies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:44:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c786da46071141329a5102408c994637 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:44:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c786da46071141329a5102408c9946372023-11-24T11:15:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-12-0123231524610.3390/ijms232315246Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> GeneShaozhong Fang0Chenglong Yang1Muhammad Moaaz Ali2Mi Lin3Shengnan Tian4Lijuan Zhang5Faxing Chen6Zhimin Lin7Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, ChinaInstitute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaInstitute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaInstitute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, ChinaThe formation of underground stem bulblets in lilies is a complex biological process which is key in their micropropagation. Generally, it involves a stem-to-bulblet transition; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. It is important to understand the regulatory mechanism of bulblet formation for the reproductive efficiency of Lilium. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of underground stem bulblet formation under different conditions regarding the gravity point angle of the stem, i.e., vertical (control), horizontal, and slanting. The horizontal and slanting group displayed better formation of bulblets in terms of quality and quantity compared with the control group. A transcriptome analysis revealed that sucrose and starch were key energy sources for bulblet formation, auxin and cytokinin likely promoted bulblet formation, and gibberellin inhibited bulblet formation. Based on transcriptome analysis, we identified the <i>LoLOB18</i> gene, a homolog to <i>AtLOB18</i>, which has been proven to be related to embryogenic development. We established the stem bud growth tissue culture system of Lilium and silenced the <i>LoLOb18</i> gene using the VIGS system. The results showed that the bulblet induction was reduced with down-regulation of <i>LoLOb18</i>, indicating the involvement of <i>LoLOb18</i> in stem bulblet formation in lilies. Our research lays a solid foundation for further molecular studies on stem bulblet formation of lilies.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15246Liliumsucrosestarchcytokininvirus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)gibberellin |
| spellingShingle | Shaozhong Fang Chenglong Yang Muhammad Moaaz Ali Mi Lin Shengnan Tian Lijuan Zhang Faxing Chen Zhimin Lin Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene International Journal of Molecular Sciences Lilium sucrose starch cytokinin virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) gibberellin |
| title | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene |
| title_full | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene |
| title_short | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’; Functional Characterization of the <i>LoLOB18</i> Gene |
| title_sort | transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular regularity mechanism underlying stem bulblet formation in oriental lily siberia functional characterization of the i lolob18 i gene |
| topic | Lilium sucrose starch cytokinin virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) gibberellin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15246 |
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