Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes
Abstract Background Studies on mosquito species diversity in Europe often focus on a specific habitat, region or country. Moreover, different trap types are used for these sampling studies, making it difficult to compare and validate results across Europe. To facilitate comparisons of trapping sites...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-017-2481-1 |
| _version_ | 1828256214376513536 |
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| author | Tim W. R. Möhlmann Uno Wennergren Malin Tälle Guido Favia Claudia Damiani Luca Bracchetti Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt |
| author_facet | Tim W. R. Möhlmann Uno Wennergren Malin Tälle Guido Favia Claudia Damiani Luca Bracchetti Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt |
| author_sort | Tim W. R. Möhlmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Studies on mosquito species diversity in Europe often focus on a specific habitat, region or country. Moreover, different trap types are used for these sampling studies, making it difficult to compare and validate results across Europe. To facilitate comparisons of trapping sites and community analysis, the present study used two trap types for monitoring mosquito species diversity in three habitat types for three different countries in Europe. Methods Mosquitoes were trapped using Biogents Sentinel (BGS), and Mosquito Magnet Liberty Plus (MMLP) traps at a total of 27 locations in Sweden, the Netherlands and Italy, comprising farm, peri-urban and wetland habitats. From July 2014 to June 2015 all locations were sampled monthly, except for the winter months. Indices of species richness, evenness and diversity were calculated, and community analyses were carried out with non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) techniques. Results A total of 11,745 female mosquitoes were trapped during 887 collections. More than 90% of the mosquitoes belonged to the genera Culex and Aedes, with Culex pipiens being the most abundant species. The highest mosquito diversity was found in Sweden. Within Sweden, species diversity was highest in wetland habitats, whereas in the Netherlands and Italy this was highest at farms. The NMDS analyses showed clear differences in mosquito communities among countries, but not among habitat types. The MMLP trapped a higher diversity of mosquito species than the BGS traps. Also, MMLP traps trapped higher numbers of mosquitoes, except for the genera Culex and Culiseta in Italy. Conclusions A core mosquito community could be identified for the three countries, with Culex pipiens as the most abundant species. Differences in mosquito species communities were more defined by the three countries included in the study than by the three habitat types. Differences in mosquito community composition across countries may have implications for disease emergence and further spread throughout Europe. Future research should, therefore, focus on how field data of vector communities can be incorporated into models, to better assess the risk of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:24:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c78fd4fccca94d3b970fe3cc28e33762 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:24:56Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c78fd4fccca94d3b970fe3cc28e337622022-12-22T03:06:49ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052017-10-0110111210.1186/s13071-017-2481-1Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudesTim W. R. Möhlmann0Uno Wennergren1Malin Tälle2Guido Favia3Claudia Damiani4Luca Bracchetti5Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt6Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research CentreIFM Theory and Modelling, Linköping UniversityIFM Theory and Modelling, Linköping UniversityScuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di CamerinoScuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di CamerinoScuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di CamerinoLaboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research CentreAbstract Background Studies on mosquito species diversity in Europe often focus on a specific habitat, region or country. Moreover, different trap types are used for these sampling studies, making it difficult to compare and validate results across Europe. To facilitate comparisons of trapping sites and community analysis, the present study used two trap types for monitoring mosquito species diversity in three habitat types for three different countries in Europe. Methods Mosquitoes were trapped using Biogents Sentinel (BGS), and Mosquito Magnet Liberty Plus (MMLP) traps at a total of 27 locations in Sweden, the Netherlands and Italy, comprising farm, peri-urban and wetland habitats. From July 2014 to June 2015 all locations were sampled monthly, except for the winter months. Indices of species richness, evenness and diversity were calculated, and community analyses were carried out with non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) techniques. Results A total of 11,745 female mosquitoes were trapped during 887 collections. More than 90% of the mosquitoes belonged to the genera Culex and Aedes, with Culex pipiens being the most abundant species. The highest mosquito diversity was found in Sweden. Within Sweden, species diversity was highest in wetland habitats, whereas in the Netherlands and Italy this was highest at farms. The NMDS analyses showed clear differences in mosquito communities among countries, but not among habitat types. The MMLP trapped a higher diversity of mosquito species than the BGS traps. Also, MMLP traps trapped higher numbers of mosquitoes, except for the genera Culex and Culiseta in Italy. Conclusions A core mosquito community could be identified for the three countries, with Culex pipiens as the most abundant species. Differences in mosquito species communities were more defined by the three countries included in the study than by the three habitat types. Differences in mosquito community composition across countries may have implications for disease emergence and further spread throughout Europe. Future research should, therefore, focus on how field data of vector communities can be incorporated into models, to better assess the risk of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-017-2481-1Disease vectorsCommunity compositionNon-metric multidimensional scalingHost-seeking behaviourVector surveillance |
| spellingShingle | Tim W. R. Möhlmann Uno Wennergren Malin Tälle Guido Favia Claudia Damiani Luca Bracchetti Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes Parasites & Vectors Disease vectors Community composition Non-metric multidimensional scaling Host-seeking behaviour Vector surveillance |
| title | Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes |
| title_full | Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes |
| title_fullStr | Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes |
| title_short | Community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in three European countries at different latitudes |
| title_sort | community analysis of the abundance and diversity of mosquito species diptera culicidae in three european countries at different latitudes |
| topic | Disease vectors Community composition Non-metric multidimensional scaling Host-seeking behaviour Vector surveillance |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-017-2481-1 |
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