A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source
Visually evoked steady-state potentials (SSVEPs) are neural responses elicited by visual stimuli oscillating at specific frequencies. In this study, we introduce a novel LED stimulator system explicitly designed for steady-state visual stimulation, offering precise control over visual stimulus param...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/678 |
| _version_ | 1797339365995708416 |
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| author | Mónica Otero Yunier Prieur-Coloma Wael El-Deredy Alejandro Weinstein |
| author_facet | Mónica Otero Yunier Prieur-Coloma Wael El-Deredy Alejandro Weinstein |
| author_sort | Mónica Otero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Visually evoked steady-state potentials (SSVEPs) are neural responses elicited by visual stimuli oscillating at specific frequencies. In this study, we introduce a novel LED stimulator system explicitly designed for steady-state visual stimulation, offering precise control over visual stimulus parameters, including frequency resolution, luminance, and the ability to control the phase at the end of the stimulation. The LED stimulator provides a personalized, modular, and affordable option for experimental setups. Based on the Teensy 3.2 board, the stimulator utilizes direct digital synthesis and pulse width modulation techniques to control the LEDs. We validated its performance through four experiments: the first two measured LED light intensities directly, while the last two assessed the stimulator’s impact on EEG recordings. The results demonstrate that the stimulator can deliver a stimulus suitable for generating SSVEPs with the desired frequency and phase resolution. As an open source resource, we provide comprehensive documentation, including all necessary codes and electrical diagrams, which facilitates the system’s replication and adaptation for specific experimental requirements, enhancing its potential for widespread use in the field of neuroscience setups. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:47:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c792240d15a2455ca6909e02fac421ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:47:01Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c792240d15a2455ca6909e02fac421ff2024-01-29T14:18:07ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-01-0124267810.3390/s24020678A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open SourceMónica Otero0Yunier Prieur-Coloma1Wael El-Deredy2Alejandro Weinstein3Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago de Chile 8420000, ChileBrain Dynamics Laboratory, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, ChileBrain Dynamics Laboratory, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, ChileEscuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, ChileVisually evoked steady-state potentials (SSVEPs) are neural responses elicited by visual stimuli oscillating at specific frequencies. In this study, we introduce a novel LED stimulator system explicitly designed for steady-state visual stimulation, offering precise control over visual stimulus parameters, including frequency resolution, luminance, and the ability to control the phase at the end of the stimulation. The LED stimulator provides a personalized, modular, and affordable option for experimental setups. Based on the Teensy 3.2 board, the stimulator utilizes direct digital synthesis and pulse width modulation techniques to control the LEDs. We validated its performance through four experiments: the first two measured LED light intensities directly, while the last two assessed the stimulator’s impact on EEG recordings. The results demonstrate that the stimulator can deliver a stimulus suitable for generating SSVEPs with the desired frequency and phase resolution. As an open source resource, we provide comprehensive documentation, including all necessary codes and electrical diagrams, which facilitates the system’s replication and adaptation for specific experimental requirements, enhancing its potential for widespread use in the field of neuroscience setups.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/678steady-state visual stimulationphase controlsteady-state visual evoked potentialscustomizable LED stimulatorPWM techniqueopen source LED stimulator |
| spellingShingle | Mónica Otero Yunier Prieur-Coloma Wael El-Deredy Alejandro Weinstein A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source Sensors steady-state visual stimulation phase control steady-state visual evoked potentials customizable LED stimulator PWM technique open source LED stimulator |
| title | A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source |
| title_full | A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source |
| title_fullStr | A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source |
| title_full_unstemmed | A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source |
| title_short | A High-Resolution LED Stimulator for Steady-State Visual Stimulation: Customizable, Affordable, and Open Source |
| title_sort | high resolution led stimulator for steady state visual stimulation customizable affordable and open source |
| topic | steady-state visual stimulation phase control steady-state visual evoked potentials customizable LED stimulator PWM technique open source LED stimulator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/678 |
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