Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage
Vaccination is one of the best approaches to control and eradicate foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). To achieve this goal, vaccines with inactivated FMD virus antigen in suitable adjuvants are being used in addition to other control measures. However, only a limited number of vaccine strains are commerc...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/10/1110 |
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| author | Nagendrakumar Balasubramanian Singanallur Aldo Dekker Phaedra Lydia Eblé Froukje van Hemert-Kluitenberg Klaas Weerdmeester Jacquelyn J Horsington Wilna Vosloo |
| author_facet | Nagendrakumar Balasubramanian Singanallur Aldo Dekker Phaedra Lydia Eblé Froukje van Hemert-Kluitenberg Klaas Weerdmeester Jacquelyn J Horsington Wilna Vosloo |
| author_sort | Nagendrakumar Balasubramanian Singanallur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaccination is one of the best approaches to control and eradicate foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). To achieve this goal, vaccines with inactivated FMD virus antigen in suitable adjuvants are being used in addition to other control measures. However, only a limited number of vaccine strains are commercially available, which often have a restricted spectrum of activity against the different FMD virus strains in circulation. As a result, when new strains emerge, it is important to measure the efficacy of the current vaccine strains against these new variants. This is important for countries where FMD is endemic but also for countries that hold an FMD vaccine bank, to ensure they are prepared for emergency vaccination. The emergence and spread of the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage of viruses posed a serious threat to countries with OIE-endorsed FMD control plans who had not reported FMD for many years. In vitro vaccine-matching results showed a poor match (r<sub>1</sub>-value < 0.3) with the more widely used vaccine strain O<sub>1</sub> Manisa and less protection in a challenge test. This paper describes the use of the O3039 vaccine strain as an alternative, either alone or in combination with the O<sub>1</sub> Manisa vaccine strain with virulent challenge by a O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d sub-lineage virus from Algeria (O/ALG/3/2014). The experiment included challenge at 7 days post-vaccination (to study protection and emergency use) and 21 days post-vaccination (as in standard potency studies). The results indicated that the O3039 vaccine strain alone, as well as the combination with O<sub>1</sub> Manisa, is effective against this strain of the O/ME-SA/Ind/2001d lineage, offering protection from clinical disease even after 7 days post-vaccination with a reduction in viraemia and virus excretion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:09:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c799d1a5e669483db658ce03a7a68d67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:09:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-c799d1a5e669483db658ce03a7a68d672023-11-22T20:15:16ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-09-01910111010.3390/vaccines9101110Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 LineageNagendrakumar Balasubramanian Singanallur0Aldo Dekker1Phaedra Lydia Eblé2Froukje van Hemert-Kluitenberg3Klaas Weerdmeester4Jacquelyn J Horsington5Wilna Vosloo6Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO-Health & Biosecurity, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC 3220, AustraliaLaboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The NetherlandsLaboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The NetherlandsLaboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The NetherlandsLaboratory Vesicular Diseases, Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The NetherlandsAustralian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO-Health & Biosecurity, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC 3220, AustraliaAustralian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO-Health & Biosecurity, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, VIC 3220, AustraliaVaccination is one of the best approaches to control and eradicate foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). To achieve this goal, vaccines with inactivated FMD virus antigen in suitable adjuvants are being used in addition to other control measures. However, only a limited number of vaccine strains are commercially available, which often have a restricted spectrum of activity against the different FMD virus strains in circulation. As a result, when new strains emerge, it is important to measure the efficacy of the current vaccine strains against these new variants. This is important for countries where FMD is endemic but also for countries that hold an FMD vaccine bank, to ensure they are prepared for emergency vaccination. The emergence and spread of the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage of viruses posed a serious threat to countries with OIE-endorsed FMD control plans who had not reported FMD for many years. In vitro vaccine-matching results showed a poor match (r<sub>1</sub>-value < 0.3) with the more widely used vaccine strain O<sub>1</sub> Manisa and less protection in a challenge test. This paper describes the use of the O3039 vaccine strain as an alternative, either alone or in combination with the O<sub>1</sub> Manisa vaccine strain with virulent challenge by a O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d sub-lineage virus from Algeria (O/ALG/3/2014). The experiment included challenge at 7 days post-vaccination (to study protection and emergency use) and 21 days post-vaccination (as in standard potency studies). The results indicated that the O3039 vaccine strain alone, as well as the combination with O<sub>1</sub> Manisa, is effective against this strain of the O/ME-SA/Ind/2001d lineage, offering protection from clinical disease even after 7 days post-vaccination with a reduction in viraemia and virus excretion.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/10/1110foot-and-mouth disease virusvaccine efficacyserotype O/ME-SA/Ind2001 variantheterologous challengecattle |
| spellingShingle | Nagendrakumar Balasubramanian Singanallur Aldo Dekker Phaedra Lydia Eblé Froukje van Hemert-Kluitenberg Klaas Weerdmeester Jacquelyn J Horsington Wilna Vosloo Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage Vaccines foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine efficacy serotype O/ME-SA/Ind2001 variant heterologous challenge cattle |
| title | Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage |
| title_full | Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage |
| title_fullStr | Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage |
| title_short | Emergency FMD Serotype O Vaccines Protect Cattle against Heterologous Challenge with a Variant Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from the O/ME-SA/Ind2001 Lineage |
| title_sort | emergency fmd serotype o vaccines protect cattle against heterologous challenge with a variant foot and mouth disease virus from the o me sa ind2001 lineage |
| topic | foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine efficacy serotype O/ME-SA/Ind2001 variant heterologous challenge cattle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/10/1110 |
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