DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts
Specialised cell types of trophoblast cells form the placenta in which each cell type has particular properties of proliferation and invasion. The placenta sustains the growth of the fetus throughout pregnancy and any aberrant trophoblast differentiation or invasion potentially affects the future he...
| Главные авторы: | , , |
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| Формат: | Статья |
| Язык: | English |
| Опубликовано: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-12-01
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| Серии: | Frontiers in Genetics |
| Предметы: | |
| Online-ссылка: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fgene.2013.00265/full |
| _version_ | 1831536810006675456 |
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| author | Philip Campbell Logan Peter E Lobie Murray David Mitchell |
| author_facet | Philip Campbell Logan Peter E Lobie Murray David Mitchell |
| author_sort | Philip Campbell Logan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Specialised cell types of trophoblast cells form the placenta in which each cell type has particular properties of proliferation and invasion. The placenta sustains the growth of the fetus throughout pregnancy and any aberrant trophoblast differentiation or invasion potentially affects the future health of the child and adult. Recently, the field of epigenetics has been applied to understand differentiation of trophoblast lineages and embryonic stem cells, from fertilisation of the oocyte onward. Each trophoblast cell-type has a distinctive epigenetic profile and we will concentrate on the epigenetic mechanism of DNA methyltransferases and TETs that regulate DNA methylation. Environmental factors affecting the mother potentially regulate the DNA methyltransferases in trophoblasts, and so do steroid hormones, cell cycle regulators, such as p53, and cytokines, especially interlukin-1β. There are interesting questions of why trophoblast genomes are globally hypomethylated yet specific genes can be suppressed by hypermethylation (in general, tumour suppressor genes, such as E-cadherin) and how invasive cell-types are liable to have condensed chromatin, as in metastatic cancer cells. Future work will attempt to understand the interactive nature of all epigenetic mechanisms together and their effect on the complex biological system of trophoblast differentiation and invasion in normal as well as pathological conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T22:56:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c7b1aaa5e1f94c4d9fcaefc0e10c29c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T22:56:18Z |
| publishDate | 2013-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7b1aaa5e1f94c4d9fcaefc0e10c29c32022-12-21T22:12:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212013-12-01410.3389/fgene.2013.0026564953DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblastsPhilip Campbell Logan0Peter E Lobie1Murray David Mitchell2The University of AucklandNational University of SingaporeUniversity of QueenslandSpecialised cell types of trophoblast cells form the placenta in which each cell type has particular properties of proliferation and invasion. The placenta sustains the growth of the fetus throughout pregnancy and any aberrant trophoblast differentiation or invasion potentially affects the future health of the child and adult. Recently, the field of epigenetics has been applied to understand differentiation of trophoblast lineages and embryonic stem cells, from fertilisation of the oocyte onward. Each trophoblast cell-type has a distinctive epigenetic profile and we will concentrate on the epigenetic mechanism of DNA methyltransferases and TETs that regulate DNA methylation. Environmental factors affecting the mother potentially regulate the DNA methyltransferases in trophoblasts, and so do steroid hormones, cell cycle regulators, such as p53, and cytokines, especially interlukin-1β. There are interesting questions of why trophoblast genomes are globally hypomethylated yet specific genes can be suppressed by hypermethylation (in general, tumour suppressor genes, such as E-cadherin) and how invasive cell-types are liable to have condensed chromatin, as in metastatic cancer cells. Future work will attempt to understand the interactive nature of all epigenetic mechanisms together and their effect on the complex biological system of trophoblast differentiation and invasion in normal as well as pathological conditions.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fgene.2013.00265/fullCell DifferentiationPlacentaTrophoblastsepigeneticstetsDNA methyltransferases |
| spellingShingle | Philip Campbell Logan Peter E Lobie Murray David Mitchell DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts Frontiers in Genetics Cell Differentiation Placenta Trophoblasts epigenetics tets DNA methyltransferases |
| title | DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts |
| title_full | DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts |
| title_fullStr | DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts |
| title_full_unstemmed | DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts |
| title_short | DNA methyltransferases and TETs in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra-villous trophoblasts |
| title_sort | dna methyltransferases and tets in the regulation of differentiation and invasiveness of extra villous trophoblasts |
| topic | Cell Differentiation Placenta Trophoblasts epigenetics tets DNA methyltransferases |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fgene.2013.00265/full |
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