Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, is characterized by abnormal activation of inflammatory cells. The increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), further amplify...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/4/72 |
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| author | Bellipady Shyam Prasad Shetty Sindaghatta Krishnarao Chaya Sravan Kumar V Maheswarappa Mahendra Biligere Siddaiah Jayaraj Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh Koustav Ganguly Padukudru Anand Mahesh |
| author_facet | Bellipady Shyam Prasad Shetty Sindaghatta Krishnarao Chaya Sravan Kumar V Maheswarappa Mahendra Biligere Siddaiah Jayaraj Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh Koustav Ganguly Padukudru Anand Mahesh |
| author_sort | Bellipady Shyam Prasad Shetty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, is characterized by abnormal activation of inflammatory cells. The increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), further amplify the inflammation. We evaluated the dose response relationship of IL-1β and TNF-α levels and severity of airflow limitation, and differential responses in IL-1β and TNF-α between biomass COPD (BMS-COPD) and tobacco smoke COPD (TS-COPD) using a case control design in 160 subjects. Patients with COPD had higher serum levels of both IL-1β and TNF-α compared to healthy controls. A large difference in TNF-α was observed between TS-COPD and BMS-COPD, where TS-COPD patients had much higher levels. Serum IL-1β levels were higher in BMS-COPD. Levels of IL-1β correlated better with severity of airflow limitation than TNF-α levels. Both TNF-α and IL-1β levels had a negative linear relationship with Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st second (FEV1) and six-minute walk distance. The correlations were stronger with FEV1 than six-minute walk distance. The correlations of TNF-α and IL-1β with St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores and body mass index (BMI) were not significant. In conclusion, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β are differently elevated in TS-COPD and BMS-COPD, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:42:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c7b529e2de7940299592043df5834772 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:42:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7b529e2de7940299592043df58347722023-11-21T13:44:12ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042021-04-01947210.3390/toxics9040072Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPDBellipady Shyam Prasad Shetty0Sindaghatta Krishnarao Chaya1Sravan Kumar V2Maheswarappa Mahendra3Biligere Siddaiah Jayaraj4Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh5Koustav Ganguly6Padukudru Anand Mahesh7Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, IndiaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, IndiaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Malla Reddy Medical College for Women, Hyderabad 500055, IndiaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Shimoga Institute of Medical Sciences, Shimoga, Karnataka 577204, IndiaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, IndiaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, IndiaUnit of Integrative Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, IndiaChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, is characterized by abnormal activation of inflammatory cells. The increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), further amplify the inflammation. We evaluated the dose response relationship of IL-1β and TNF-α levels and severity of airflow limitation, and differential responses in IL-1β and TNF-α between biomass COPD (BMS-COPD) and tobacco smoke COPD (TS-COPD) using a case control design in 160 subjects. Patients with COPD had higher serum levels of both IL-1β and TNF-α compared to healthy controls. A large difference in TNF-α was observed between TS-COPD and BMS-COPD, where TS-COPD patients had much higher levels. Serum IL-1β levels were higher in BMS-COPD. Levels of IL-1β correlated better with severity of airflow limitation than TNF-α levels. Both TNF-α and IL-1β levels had a negative linear relationship with Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st second (FEV1) and six-minute walk distance. The correlations were stronger with FEV1 than six-minute walk distance. The correlations of TNF-α and IL-1β with St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores and body mass index (BMI) were not significant. In conclusion, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β are differently elevated in TS-COPD and BMS-COPD, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/4/72COPDinterleukin 1 βtumour necrosis factor αtobacco smokebiomassFEV1 |
| spellingShingle | Bellipady Shyam Prasad Shetty Sindaghatta Krishnarao Chaya Sravan Kumar V Maheswarappa Mahendra Biligere Siddaiah Jayaraj Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh Koustav Ganguly Padukudru Anand Mahesh Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD Toxics COPD interleukin 1 β tumour necrosis factor α tobacco smoke biomass FEV1 |
| title | Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD |
| title_full | Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD |
| title_fullStr | Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD |
| title_short | Inflammatory Biomarkers Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Are Differentially Elevated in Tobacco Smoke Associated COPD and Biomass Smoke Associated COPD |
| title_sort | inflammatory biomarkers interleukin 1 beta il 1β and tumour necrosis factor alpha tnf α are differentially elevated in tobacco smoke associated copd and biomass smoke associated copd |
| topic | COPD interleukin 1 β tumour necrosis factor α tobacco smoke biomass FEV1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/4/72 |
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