Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils
Factors affecting soil disturbance caused by harvester and forwarder were studied on mid-grained soils in Finland. Sample plots were harvested using a one-grip harvester. The harvester operator processed the trees outside the strip roads, and the remaining residues were removed to exclude the coveri...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Finnish Society of Forest Science
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Silva Fennica |
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| _version_ | 1819102273148551168 |
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| author | Matti Sirén Jari Ala-Ilomäki Harri Lindeman Jori Uusitalo Kalle E.K. Kiilo Aura Salmivaara Ari Ryynänen |
| author_facet | Matti Sirén Jari Ala-Ilomäki Harri Lindeman Jori Uusitalo Kalle E.K. Kiilo Aura Salmivaara Ari Ryynänen |
| author_sort | Matti Sirén |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Factors affecting soil disturbance caused by harvester and forwarder were studied on mid-grained soils in Finland. Sample plots were harvested using a one-grip harvester. The harvester operator processed the trees outside the strip roads, and the remaining residues were removed to exclude the covering effect of residues. Thereafter, a loaded forwarder made up to 5 passes over the sample plots. The average rut depth after four machine passes was positively correlated to the volumetric water content at a depth of 0–10 cm in mineral soil, as well as the thickness of the organic layer and the harvester rut depth, and negatively correlated with penetration resistance at depths of both 0–20 cm and 5–40 cm. We present 5 models to predict forwarder rut depth. Four include the cumulative mass driven over a measurement point and combinations of penetration resistance, water content and the depth of organic layer. The fifth model includes harvester rut depth and the cumulative overpassed mass and provided the best fit. Changes in the penetration resistance (PR) were highest at depths of 20–40 cm. Increase in BD and VWC decreased PR, which increased with total overdriven mass. After four to five machine passes PR values started to stabilize. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:31:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c7c88bfec99a496dbda3d4bc74846b67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2242-4075 2242-4075 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:31:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Finnish Society of Forest Science |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Silva Fennica |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7c88bfec99a496dbda3d4bc74846b672022-12-21T18:43:29ZengFinnish Society of Forest ScienceSilva Fennica2242-40752242-40752019-04-0153210.14214/sf.10134Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soilsMatti Sirén0Jari Ala-Ilomäki1Harri Lindeman2Jori Uusitalo3Kalle E.K. Kiilo4Aura Salmivaara5Ari Ryynänen6Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) c/o Aalto University, P.O. Box 15600, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) c/o Aalto University, P.O. Box 15600, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Korkeakoulunkatu 7, FI-33720 Tampere, FinlandNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Korkeakoulunkatu 7, FI-33720 Tampere, FinlandVersowood, Teollisuuskatu 1, FI-11130 Riihimäki, FinlandNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), P.O. Box 2, FI-00791 Helsinki, FinlandNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Kaironiementie 15, FI-39700 Parkano, FinlandFactors affecting soil disturbance caused by harvester and forwarder were studied on mid-grained soils in Finland. Sample plots were harvested using a one-grip harvester. The harvester operator processed the trees outside the strip roads, and the remaining residues were removed to exclude the covering effect of residues. Thereafter, a loaded forwarder made up to 5 passes over the sample plots. The average rut depth after four machine passes was positively correlated to the volumetric water content at a depth of 0–10 cm in mineral soil, as well as the thickness of the organic layer and the harvester rut depth, and negatively correlated with penetration resistance at depths of both 0–20 cm and 5–40 cm. We present 5 models to predict forwarder rut depth. Four include the cumulative mass driven over a measurement point and combinations of penetration resistance, water content and the depth of organic layer. The fifth model includes harvester rut depth and the cumulative overpassed mass and provided the best fit. Changes in the penetration resistance (PR) were highest at depths of 20–40 cm. Increase in BD and VWC decreased PR, which increased with total overdriven mass. After four to five machine passes PR values started to stabilize.rut formationsoil compactionsandy soilsilty soilharvesting damage |
| spellingShingle | Matti Sirén Jari Ala-Ilomäki Harri Lindeman Jori Uusitalo Kalle E.K. Kiilo Aura Salmivaara Ari Ryynänen Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils Silva Fennica rut formation soil compaction sandy soil silty soil harvesting damage |
| title | Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils |
| title_full | Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils |
| title_fullStr | Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils |
| title_short | Soil disturbance by cut-to-length machinery on mid-grained soils |
| title_sort | soil disturbance by cut to length machinery on mid grained soils |
| topic | rut formation soil compaction sandy soil silty soil harvesting damage |
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