THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA)
Post-9/11 framing of Islam in western intelligentsia and policymakers have given birth to a new way of global terrorism, i.e., Islamophobia, revolving around unfounded fear of Islam. Islamophobia is an internationally driven predominant energy – hatred against Muslims – which continues to shape the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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National Defence University, Islamabad
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Margalla Papers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://margallapapers.ndu.edu.pk/site/article/view/69 |
| _version_ | 1797736508229156864 |
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| author | Muhammad Raza Jalil |
| author_facet | Muhammad Raza Jalil |
| author_sort | Muhammad Raza Jalil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Post-9/11 framing of Islam in western intelligentsia and policymakers have given birth to a new way of global terrorism, i.e., Islamophobia, revolving around unfounded fear of Islam. Islamophobia is an internationally driven predominant energy – hatred against Muslims – which continues to shape the character of this new wave and relations among the perpetrators belonging to various parts of the world. Politically-driven framing of Muslims, Islam and one of its key tenants – Jihad – by the western media has heralded transnational terrorism (the Fifth Wave of terrorism), which fulfils all the essential prerequisites. Therefore, the theoretical framework of this paper peeps through the Four Waves Theory of modern terrorism put forth by David Rapoport to examine whether the current rise of Islamophobic violence in different parts of the world qualifies to be the Fifth Global Wave of terrorism. The paper delineates how Muslims have been discriminated against and demonized worldwide. It also unfolds how religious-linked terrorism has been exploited, resulting in Islamophobia, which has turned into a transcultural and transnational threat.
Bibliography Entry
Jalil, Muhammad Raza. 2021. "The Rise of the Fifth Wave of Global Terrorism (Islamophobia)." Margalla Papers 25 (2): 14-22.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:14:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c7cf7d5fdf854f3297964f4f41853b08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-2297 2789-7028 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:14:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | National Defence University, Islamabad |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Margalla Papers |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7cf7d5fdf854f3297964f4f41853b082023-08-27T09:55:25ZengNational Defence University, IslamabadMargalla Papers1999-22972789-70282021-12-0125210.54690/margallapapers.25.2.69THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA)Muhammad Raza Jalil Post-9/11 framing of Islam in western intelligentsia and policymakers have given birth to a new way of global terrorism, i.e., Islamophobia, revolving around unfounded fear of Islam. Islamophobia is an internationally driven predominant energy – hatred against Muslims – which continues to shape the character of this new wave and relations among the perpetrators belonging to various parts of the world. Politically-driven framing of Muslims, Islam and one of its key tenants – Jihad – by the western media has heralded transnational terrorism (the Fifth Wave of terrorism), which fulfils all the essential prerequisites. Therefore, the theoretical framework of this paper peeps through the Four Waves Theory of modern terrorism put forth by David Rapoport to examine whether the current rise of Islamophobic violence in different parts of the world qualifies to be the Fifth Global Wave of terrorism. The paper delineates how Muslims have been discriminated against and demonized worldwide. It also unfolds how religious-linked terrorism has been exploited, resulting in Islamophobia, which has turned into a transcultural and transnational threat. Bibliography Entry Jalil, Muhammad Raza. 2021. "The Rise of the Fifth Wave of Global Terrorism (Islamophobia)." Margalla Papers 25 (2): 14-22. https://margallapapers.ndu.edu.pk/site/article/view/69IslamophobiaFour Waves TheoryTerrorismExtremismIslam |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Raza Jalil THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA) Margalla Papers Islamophobia Four Waves Theory Terrorism Extremism Islam |
| title | THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA) |
| title_full | THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA) |
| title_fullStr | THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA) |
| title_short | THE RISE OF THE FIFTH WAVE OF GLOBAL TERRORISM (ISLAMOPHOBIA) |
| title_sort | rise of the fifth wave of global terrorism islamophobia |
| topic | Islamophobia Four Waves Theory Terrorism Extremism Islam |
| url | https://margallapapers.ndu.edu.pk/site/article/view/69 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadrazajalil theriseofthefifthwaveofglobalterrorismislamophobia AT muhammadrazajalil riseofthefifthwaveofglobalterrorismislamophobia |