Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan
Considerable recent research both for the developing as well as the developed countries has provided evidence for the existence of the sheepskin effect to the economic returns in schooling investment. However, there has not been much empirical work investigating the mechanism that may lie behind th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Johar Education Society
2013-05-01
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| Series: | Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jespk.net/publications/102.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818133533602873344 |
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| author | Tayyeb Shabbir |
| author_facet | Tayyeb Shabbir |
| author_sort | Tayyeb Shabbir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Considerable recent research both for the developing as well as the developed countries has provided evidence for the existence of the sheepskin effect to the economic returns in schooling investment. However, there has not been much empirical work investigating the mechanism that may lie behind the observed sheepskin effects. The few notable exceptions that have started addressing this important yet neglected question of interpreting what do sheepskin effects signal include Flores-Lagunes and Light (2007) for the U. S., Riddell (2008) for Canada and Shabbir and Ashraf (2011) as well as Shabbir (2011) in the case of Pakistan. The present study was undertaken to examine the robustness of sheepskin effects in the face of measured family background in the case of Pakistan. The unique feature of this study is that it utilizes the only nationally representative data set available which allows for a test of sheepskin effects; in fact, Shabbir (1991) was the first of its kind study which used this data set to test (and establish) the existence of sheepskin effects in the case of Pakistan. The present study is an attempt to build on that research finding in order to explore the question of what do sheepskin effects signal? In particular, do they signal measured family background?The important empirical finding of this study is that there is strong evidence of significant sheepskin or diploma effects for all four important certification levels i.e. Matric, Intermediate, Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and Master of Arts (M.A). Further, and more importantly in terms of the research question posed by this paper, these diploma effects are robust when measured family background effects are controlled for using such measures as father's education, father's income and mother's income. Thus the observed sheepskin effects may be signaling other aspects of ability or other relevant influences besides measured family background (including latent or unmeasured family influences) which keeps the all-important question of the mechanism underlying these observed sheepskin effects open and in need of future research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:54:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c7d7ca9a0288493d8d00b44b57c73c65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1997-8553 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:54:14Z |
| publishDate | 2013-05-01 |
| publisher | Johar Education Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7d7ca9a0288493d8d00b44b57c73c652022-12-22T01:13:56ZengJohar Education SocietyPakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences1997-85532013-05-01714358Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of PakistanTayyeb ShabbirConsiderable recent research both for the developing as well as the developed countries has provided evidence for the existence of the sheepskin effect to the economic returns in schooling investment. However, there has not been much empirical work investigating the mechanism that may lie behind the observed sheepskin effects. The few notable exceptions that have started addressing this important yet neglected question of interpreting what do sheepskin effects signal include Flores-Lagunes and Light (2007) for the U. S., Riddell (2008) for Canada and Shabbir and Ashraf (2011) as well as Shabbir (2011) in the case of Pakistan. The present study was undertaken to examine the robustness of sheepskin effects in the face of measured family background in the case of Pakistan. The unique feature of this study is that it utilizes the only nationally representative data set available which allows for a test of sheepskin effects; in fact, Shabbir (1991) was the first of its kind study which used this data set to test (and establish) the existence of sheepskin effects in the case of Pakistan. The present study is an attempt to build on that research finding in order to explore the question of what do sheepskin effects signal? In particular, do they signal measured family background?The important empirical finding of this study is that there is strong evidence of significant sheepskin or diploma effects for all four important certification levels i.e. Matric, Intermediate, Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and Master of Arts (M.A). Further, and more importantly in terms of the research question posed by this paper, these diploma effects are robust when measured family background effects are controlled for using such measures as father's education, father's income and mother's income. Thus the observed sheepskin effects may be signaling other aspects of ability or other relevant influences besides measured family background (including latent or unmeasured family influences) which keeps the all-important question of the mechanism underlying these observed sheepskin effects open and in need of future research.http://www.jespk.net/publications/102.pdfHuman capital investmentsreturns to educationsheepskin effectsPakistanfamily background |
| spellingShingle | Tayyeb Shabbir Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences Human capital investments returns to education sheepskin effects Pakistan family background |
| title | Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan |
| title_full | Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan |
| title_short | Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan |
| title_sort | sheepskin effects of investment in schooling do they signal family background case of pakistan |
| topic | Human capital investments returns to education sheepskin effects Pakistan family background |
| url | http://www.jespk.net/publications/102.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tayyebshabbir sheepskineffectsofinvestmentinschoolingdotheysignalfamilybackgroundcaseofpakistan |