Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst
A KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> solid base catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation and applied to the synthesis of eugenol ethyl ether (EEE) from eugenol and diethyl carbonate. By measuring the yield of eugenol ethyl ether, we investigated the effects of the catalyst act...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| author | Zhihai Zhang Qinyong Zhang Jilei Liang Tingting Ding Jiaying Wang Kai Zhu |
| author_facet | Zhihai Zhang Qinyong Zhang Jilei Liang Tingting Ding Jiaying Wang Kai Zhu |
| author_sort | Zhihai Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> solid base catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation and applied to the synthesis of eugenol ethyl ether (EEE) from eugenol and diethyl carbonate. By measuring the yield of eugenol ethyl ether, we investigated the effects of the catalyst active component, impregnation temperature, KF impregnation concentration, impregnation time, and calcination temperature on catalyst performance. The results showed that the KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst can adequately facilitate the conversion of eugenol to EEE. The characterizations of the catalysts were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterizations of EEE were examined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (H<sup>1</sup>-NMR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was found that the KF/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst (impregnation temperature 60 °C, KF impregnation concentration 40%, impregnation time 8 h, and calcination temperature 450 °C) showed the best effect. The yield of EEE remained 51.2% after recycling the supported catalyst three times. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:03:45Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:03:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c7f1abcd2e71478aba9ea90d977b0ad42023-11-19T00:35:03ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-07-01138116310.3390/catal13081163Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> CatalystZhihai Zhang0Qinyong Zhang1Jilei Liang2Tingting Ding3Jiaying Wang4Kai Zhu5College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 93 Ji Chuan Road, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 93 Ji Chuan Road, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 93 Ji Chuan Road, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 93 Ji Chuan Road, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 93 Ji Chuan Road, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaA KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> solid base catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation and applied to the synthesis of eugenol ethyl ether (EEE) from eugenol and diethyl carbonate. By measuring the yield of eugenol ethyl ether, we investigated the effects of the catalyst active component, impregnation temperature, KF impregnation concentration, impregnation time, and calcination temperature on catalyst performance. The results showed that the KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst can adequately facilitate the conversion of eugenol to EEE. The characterizations of the catalysts were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterizations of EEE were examined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (H<sup>1</sup>-NMR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was found that the KF/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst (impregnation temperature 60 °C, KF impregnation concentration 40%, impregnation time 8 h, and calcination temperature 450 °C) showed the best effect. The yield of EEE remained 51.2% after recycling the supported catalyst three times.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/8/1163eugenoleugenol ethyl etherdiethyl carbonateO-ethylationKF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Zhihai Zhang Qinyong Zhang Jilei Liang Tingting Ding Jiaying Wang Kai Zhu Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst Catalysts eugenol eugenol ethyl ether diethyl carbonate O-ethylation KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> |
| title | Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst |
| title_full | Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst |
| title_short | Synthesis of Eugenol Ethyl Ether by Ethylation of Eugenol with Diethyl Carbonate over KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst |
| title_sort | synthesis of eugenol ethyl ether by ethylation of eugenol with diethyl carbonate over kf γ al sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub catalyst |
| topic | eugenol eugenol ethyl ether diethyl carbonate O-ethylation KF/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/8/1163 |
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