Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean
Mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) genes in eukaryotes regulate various developmental and physiological processes including those associated with biotic and abiotic stresses. Although MAPKs in some plant species including Arabidopsis have been identified, they are yet to be identified in soyb...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Bioinformatics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4137/EBO.S12526 |
| _version_ | 1818392288082001920 |
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| author | Achal Neupane Madhav P. Nepal Sarbottam Piya Senthil Subramanian Jai S. Rohila R. Neil Reese Benjamin V. Benson |
| author_facet | Achal Neupane Madhav P. Nepal Sarbottam Piya Senthil Subramanian Jai S. Rohila R. Neil Reese Benjamin V. Benson |
| author_sort | Achal Neupane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) genes in eukaryotes regulate various developmental and physiological processes including those associated with biotic and abiotic stresses. Although MAPKs in some plant species including Arabidopsis have been identified, they are yet to be identified in soybean. Major objectives of this study were to identify GmMAPKs , assess their evolutionary relationships, and analyze their functional divergence. We identified a total of 38 MAPKs , eleven MAPKKs , and 150 MAPKKKs in soybean. Within the GmMAPK family, we also identified a new clade of six genes: four genes with TEY and two genes with TQY motifs requiring further investigation into possible legume-specific functions. The results indicated the expansion of the GmMAPK families attributable to the ancestral polyploidy events followed by chromosomal rearrangements. The GmMAPK and GmMAPKKK families were substantially larger than those in other plant species. The duplicated GmMAPK members presented complex evolutionary relationships and functional divergence when compared to their counterparts in Arabidopsis . We also highlighted existing nomenclatural issues, stressing the need for nomenclatural consistency. GmMAPK identification is vital to soybean crop improvement, and novel insights into the evolutionary relationships will enhance our understanding about plant genome evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:27:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c7f8237435cd454f9e5b5c8001b6b95b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1176-9343 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:27:02Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Bioinformatics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7f8237435cd454f9e5b5c8001b6b95b2022-12-21T23:15:28ZengSAGE PublishingEvolutionary Bioinformatics1176-93432013-01-01910.4137/EBO.S12526Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in SoybeanAchal Neupane0Madhav P. Nepal1Sarbottam Piya2Senthil Subramanian3Jai S. Rohila4R. Neil Reese5Benjamin V. Benson6Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD, USA.Mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) genes in eukaryotes regulate various developmental and physiological processes including those associated with biotic and abiotic stresses. Although MAPKs in some plant species including Arabidopsis have been identified, they are yet to be identified in soybean. Major objectives of this study were to identify GmMAPKs , assess their evolutionary relationships, and analyze their functional divergence. We identified a total of 38 MAPKs , eleven MAPKKs , and 150 MAPKKKs in soybean. Within the GmMAPK family, we also identified a new clade of six genes: four genes with TEY and two genes with TQY motifs requiring further investigation into possible legume-specific functions. The results indicated the expansion of the GmMAPK families attributable to the ancestral polyploidy events followed by chromosomal rearrangements. The GmMAPK and GmMAPKKK families were substantially larger than those in other plant species. The duplicated GmMAPK members presented complex evolutionary relationships and functional divergence when compared to their counterparts in Arabidopsis . We also highlighted existing nomenclatural issues, stressing the need for nomenclatural consistency. GmMAPK identification is vital to soybean crop improvement, and novel insights into the evolutionary relationships will enhance our understanding about plant genome evolution.https://doi.org/10.4137/EBO.S12526 |
| spellingShingle | Achal Neupane Madhav P. Nepal Sarbottam Piya Senthil Subramanian Jai S. Rohila R. Neil Reese Benjamin V. Benson Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean Evolutionary Bioinformatics |
| title | Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean |
| title_full | Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean |
| title_fullStr | Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean |
| title_short | Identification, Nomenclature, and Evolutionary Relationships of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Soybean |
| title_sort | identification nomenclature and evolutionary relationships of mitogen activated protein kinase mapk genes in soybean |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4137/EBO.S12526 |
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