Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only
Novel adjuvants present a concern for adverse effects, generating a need for alternatives. Rotavirus inner capsid VP6 protein could be considered a potential candidate, due to its ability to self-assemble into highly immunogenic nanospheres and nanotubes. These nanostructures exhibit immunostimulato...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/365 |
| _version_ | 1797563105644904448 |
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| author | Suvi Heinimäki Kirsi Tamminen Vesa P. Hytönen Maria Malm Vesna Blazevic |
| author_facet | Suvi Heinimäki Kirsi Tamminen Vesa P. Hytönen Maria Malm Vesna Blazevic |
| author_sort | Suvi Heinimäki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Novel adjuvants present a concern for adverse effects, generating a need for alternatives. Rotavirus inner capsid VP6 protein could be considered a potential candidate, due to its ability to self-assemble into highly immunogenic nanospheres and nanotubes. These nanostructures exhibit immunostimulatory properties, which resemble those of traditional adjuvants, promoting the uptake and immunogenicity of the co-administered antigens. We have previously elucidated an adjuvant effect of VP6 on co-delivered norovirus and coxsackievirus B1 virus-like particles, increasing humoral and cellular responses and sparing the dose of co-delivered antigens. This study explored an immunostimulatory effect of VP6 nanospheres on smaller antigens, P particles formed by protruding domain of a norovirus capsid protein and a short peptide, extracellular matrix protein (M2e) of influenza A virus. VP6 exhibited a notable improving impact on immune responses induced by P particles in immunized mice, including systemic and mucosal antibody and T cell responses. The adjuvant effect of VP6 nanospheres was comparable to the effect of alum, except for induction of superior mucosal and T cell responses when P particles were co-administered with VP6. However, unlike alum, VP6 did not influence M2e-specific immune responses, suggesting that the adjuvant effect of VP6 is dependent on the particulate nature of the co-administered antigen. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:37:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c80a5462ef0e4bab93b087dc49dbcc9e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:37:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-c80a5462ef0e4bab93b087dc49dbcc9e2023-11-20T06:05:22ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2020-07-018336510.3390/vaccines8030365Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens OnlySuvi Heinimäki0Kirsi Tamminen1Vesa P. Hytönen2Maria Malm3Vesna Blazevic4Vaccine Development and Immunology/Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Development and Immunology/Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, FinlandProtein Dynamics Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Development and Immunology/Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, FinlandVaccine Development and Immunology/Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, FinlandNovel adjuvants present a concern for adverse effects, generating a need for alternatives. Rotavirus inner capsid VP6 protein could be considered a potential candidate, due to its ability to self-assemble into highly immunogenic nanospheres and nanotubes. These nanostructures exhibit immunostimulatory properties, which resemble those of traditional adjuvants, promoting the uptake and immunogenicity of the co-administered antigens. We have previously elucidated an adjuvant effect of VP6 on co-delivered norovirus and coxsackievirus B1 virus-like particles, increasing humoral and cellular responses and sparing the dose of co-delivered antigens. This study explored an immunostimulatory effect of VP6 nanospheres on smaller antigens, P particles formed by protruding domain of a norovirus capsid protein and a short peptide, extracellular matrix protein (M2e) of influenza A virus. VP6 exhibited a notable improving impact on immune responses induced by P particles in immunized mice, including systemic and mucosal antibody and T cell responses. The adjuvant effect of VP6 nanospheres was comparable to the effect of alum, except for induction of superior mucosal and T cell responses when P particles were co-administered with VP6. However, unlike alum, VP6 did not influence M2e-specific immune responses, suggesting that the adjuvant effect of VP6 is dependent on the particulate nature of the co-administered antigen.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/365adjuvantalumVP6nanostructureP particlepeptide |
| spellingShingle | Suvi Heinimäki Kirsi Tamminen Vesa P. Hytönen Maria Malm Vesna Blazevic Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only Vaccines adjuvant alum VP6 nanostructure P particle peptide |
| title | Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only |
| title_full | Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only |
| title_fullStr | Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only |
| title_short | Rotavirus Inner Capsid VP6 Acts as an Adjuvant in Formulations with Particulate Antigens Only |
| title_sort | rotavirus inner capsid vp6 acts as an adjuvant in formulations with particulate antigens only |
| topic | adjuvant alum VP6 nanostructure P particle peptide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/365 |
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