A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters
Background: During in-office bleaching, appropriate light sources are applied in order to enhance the activity of the bleaching gels applied onto teeth. For this method to be effective, a high absorption of light within the gel is necessary. Variation in the light attenuation capability of the gel,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Dentistry Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/8/4/137 |
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| author | Eugenia Anagnostaki Valina Mylona Kyriaki Kosma Steven Parker Marianna Chala Mark Cronshaw Vasilis Dimitriou Michael Tatarakis Nektarios Papadogiannis Edward Lynch Martin Grootveld |
| author_facet | Eugenia Anagnostaki Valina Mylona Kyriaki Kosma Steven Parker Marianna Chala Mark Cronshaw Vasilis Dimitriou Michael Tatarakis Nektarios Papadogiannis Edward Lynch Martin Grootveld |
| author_sort | Eugenia Anagnostaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: During in-office bleaching, appropriate light sources are applied in order to enhance the activity of the bleaching gels applied onto teeth. For this method to be effective, a high absorption of light within the gel is necessary. Variation in the light attenuation capability of the gel, the duration of application and light activation can contribute towards safety hazards associated with this procedure. Methods: In this study, seven different gels and hydrogen peroxide have been evaluated for their optical properties by means of spectrophotometry (440–1000 nm). The transmitted light spectrum was used to estimate the intensity loss for each gel. The mean intensity decreases observed were statistically analysed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The five more-pigmented gels tested indicated a very similar intensity loss of around 80%, whereas the remaining two gels showed significantly less attenuation (predominantly, <i>p</i> < 10<sup>−6</sup>). Conclusions: Throughout the spectrum of wavelengths examined, and according to the underlying studies evaluated, five of the gels assessed demonstrated an attenuation high enough to possibly avoid overheating of the underlying enamel dentine and pulp. An evaluation of appropriate irradiation parameters is proposed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c811058846804e5a9eebc60e0c24b35d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6767 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:22Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dentistry Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-c811058846804e5a9eebc60e0c24b35d2023-11-21T01:00:42ZengMDPI AGDentistry Journal2304-67672020-12-018413710.3390/dj8040137A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation ParametersEugenia Anagnostaki0Valina Mylona1Kyriaki Kosma2Steven Parker3Marianna Chala4Mark Cronshaw5Vasilis Dimitriou6Michael Tatarakis7Nektarios Papadogiannis8Edward Lynch9Martin Grootveld10Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKInstitute of Plasma Physics and Lasers, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Tria Monastiria, 74100 Rethymno, GreeceLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKInstitute of Plasma Physics and Lasers, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Tria Monastiria, 74100 Rethymno, GreeceInstitute of Plasma Physics and Lasers, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Tria Monastiria, 74100 Rethymno, GreeceInstitute of Plasma Physics and Lasers, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Tria Monastiria, 74100 Rethymno, GreeceLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Gateway House, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKBackground: During in-office bleaching, appropriate light sources are applied in order to enhance the activity of the bleaching gels applied onto teeth. For this method to be effective, a high absorption of light within the gel is necessary. Variation in the light attenuation capability of the gel, the duration of application and light activation can contribute towards safety hazards associated with this procedure. Methods: In this study, seven different gels and hydrogen peroxide have been evaluated for their optical properties by means of spectrophotometry (440–1000 nm). The transmitted light spectrum was used to estimate the intensity loss for each gel. The mean intensity decreases observed were statistically analysed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The five more-pigmented gels tested indicated a very similar intensity loss of around 80%, whereas the remaining two gels showed significantly less attenuation (predominantly, <i>p</i> < 10<sup>−6</sup>). Conclusions: Throughout the spectrum of wavelengths examined, and according to the underlying studies evaluated, five of the gels assessed demonstrated an attenuation high enough to possibly avoid overheating of the underlying enamel dentine and pulp. An evaluation of appropriate irradiation parameters is proposed.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/8/4/137dentistryabsorptionbleachinglaserlightparameters |
| spellingShingle | Eugenia Anagnostaki Valina Mylona Kyriaki Kosma Steven Parker Marianna Chala Mark Cronshaw Vasilis Dimitriou Michael Tatarakis Nektarios Papadogiannis Edward Lynch Martin Grootveld A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters Dentistry Journal dentistry absorption bleaching laser light parameters |
| title | A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters |
| title_full | A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters |
| title_fullStr | A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters |
| title_short | A Spectrophotometric Study on Light Attenuation Properties of Dental Bleaching Gels: Potential Relevance to Irradiation Parameters |
| title_sort | spectrophotometric study on light attenuation properties of dental bleaching gels potential relevance to irradiation parameters |
| topic | dentistry absorption bleaching laser light parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/8/4/137 |
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