Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association
Abstract Background Large-scale gut microbiome sequencing has revealed key links between microbiome dysfunction and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). To date, these efforts have largely focused on Western populations, with few studies assessing T2D microbiota associations in Middle E...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02714-8 |
| _version_ | 1798004948138459136 |
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| author | Fahad A. Al-Muhanna Alexa K. Dowdell Abdulmohsen H. Al Eleq Waleed I. Albaker Andrew W. Brooks Ali I. Al-Sultan Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish Khaled R. Alkharsah Raed M. Sulaiman Abdulaziz A. Al-Quorain Cyril Cyrus Rudaynah A. Alali Chittibabu Vatte Fred L. Robinson Xin Zhou Michael P. Snyder Afnan F. Almuhanna Brendan J. Keating Brian D. Piening Amein K. Al-Ali |
| author_facet | Fahad A. Al-Muhanna Alexa K. Dowdell Abdulmohsen H. Al Eleq Waleed I. Albaker Andrew W. Brooks Ali I. Al-Sultan Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish Khaled R. Alkharsah Raed M. Sulaiman Abdulaziz A. Al-Quorain Cyril Cyrus Rudaynah A. Alali Chittibabu Vatte Fred L. Robinson Xin Zhou Michael P. Snyder Afnan F. Almuhanna Brendan J. Keating Brian D. Piening Amein K. Al-Ali |
| author_sort | Fahad A. Al-Muhanna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Large-scale gut microbiome sequencing has revealed key links between microbiome dysfunction and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). To date, these efforts have largely focused on Western populations, with few studies assessing T2D microbiota associations in Middle Eastern communities where T2D prevalence is now over 20%. We analyzed the composition of stool 16S rRNA from 461 T2D and 119 non-T2D participants from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. We quantified the abundance of microbial communities to examine any significant differences between subpopulations of samples based on diabetes status and glucose level. Results In this study we performed the largest microbiome study ever conducted in Saudi Arabia, as well as the first-ever characterization of gut microbiota T2D versus non-T2D in this population. We observed overall positive enrichment within diabetics compared to healthy individuals and amongst diabetic participants; those with high glucose levels exhibited slightly more positive enrichment compared to those at lower risk of fasting hyperglycemia. In particular, the genus Firmicutes was upregulated in diabetic individuals compared to non-diabetic individuals, and T2D was associated with an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, consistent with previous findings. Conclusion Based on diabetes status and glucose levels of Saudi participants, relatively stable differences in stool composition were perceived by differential abundance and alpha diversity measures. However, community level differences are evident in the Saudi population between T2D and non-T2D individuals, and diversity patterns appear to vary from well-characterized microbiota from Western cohorts. Comparing overlapping and varying patterns in gut microbiota with other studies is critical to assessing novel treatment options in light of a rapidly growing T2D health epidemic in the region. As a rapidly emerging chronic condition in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East, T2D burdens have grown more quickly and affect larger proportions of the population than any other global region, making a regional reference T2D-microbiome dataset critical to understanding the nuances of disease development on a global scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:32:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c8190e3aa79d4cf3b11d0c5dd6c1129f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:32:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c8190e3aa79d4cf3b11d0c5dd6c1129f2022-12-22T04:23:43ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802022-12-012211910.1186/s12866-022-02714-8Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant associationFahad A. Al-Muhanna0Alexa K. Dowdell1Abdulmohsen H. Al Eleq2Waleed I. Albaker3Andrew W. Brooks4Ali I. Al-Sultan5Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish6Khaled R. Alkharsah7Raed M. Sulaiman8Abdulaziz A. Al-Quorain9Cyril Cyrus10Rudaynah A. Alali11Chittibabu Vatte12Fred L. Robinson13Xin Zhou14Michael P. Snyder15Afnan F. Almuhanna16Brendan J. Keating17Brian D. Piening18Amein K. Al-Ali19Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityEarle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical CenterDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityEarle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical CenterDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of MedicineDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of MedicineDepartment of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar and College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDepartment of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of MedicineEarle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical CenterDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityAbstract Background Large-scale gut microbiome sequencing has revealed key links between microbiome dysfunction and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). To date, these efforts have largely focused on Western populations, with few studies assessing T2D microbiota associations in Middle Eastern communities where T2D prevalence is now over 20%. We analyzed the composition of stool 16S rRNA from 461 T2D and 119 non-T2D participants from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. We quantified the abundance of microbial communities to examine any significant differences between subpopulations of samples based on diabetes status and glucose level. Results In this study we performed the largest microbiome study ever conducted in Saudi Arabia, as well as the first-ever characterization of gut microbiota T2D versus non-T2D in this population. We observed overall positive enrichment within diabetics compared to healthy individuals and amongst diabetic participants; those with high glucose levels exhibited slightly more positive enrichment compared to those at lower risk of fasting hyperglycemia. In particular, the genus Firmicutes was upregulated in diabetic individuals compared to non-diabetic individuals, and T2D was associated with an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, consistent with previous findings. Conclusion Based on diabetes status and glucose levels of Saudi participants, relatively stable differences in stool composition were perceived by differential abundance and alpha diversity measures. However, community level differences are evident in the Saudi population between T2D and non-T2D individuals, and diversity patterns appear to vary from well-characterized microbiota from Western cohorts. Comparing overlapping and varying patterns in gut microbiota with other studies is critical to assessing novel treatment options in light of a rapidly growing T2D health epidemic in the region. As a rapidly emerging chronic condition in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East, T2D burdens have grown more quickly and affect larger proportions of the population than any other global region, making a regional reference T2D-microbiome dataset critical to understanding the nuances of disease development on a global scale.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02714-8MicrobiotaDiabetes16S RNASaudi Arabia |
| spellingShingle | Fahad A. Al-Muhanna Alexa K. Dowdell Abdulmohsen H. Al Eleq Waleed I. Albaker Andrew W. Brooks Ali I. Al-Sultan Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish Khaled R. Alkharsah Raed M. Sulaiman Abdulaziz A. Al-Quorain Cyril Cyrus Rudaynah A. Alali Chittibabu Vatte Fred L. Robinson Xin Zhou Michael P. Snyder Afnan F. Almuhanna Brendan J. Keating Brian D. Piening Amein K. Al-Ali Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association BMC Microbiology Microbiota Diabetes 16S RNA Saudi Arabia |
| title | Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association |
| title_full | Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association |
| title_fullStr | Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association |
| title_short | Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association |
| title_sort | gut microbiota analyses of saudi populations for type 2 diabetes related phenotypes reveals significant association |
| topic | Microbiota Diabetes 16S RNA Saudi Arabia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02714-8 |
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