SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study
Background/Aims: Although the World Health Organization declared the end of the public health emergency of international concern focusing on COVID-19 in May 2023, this bothersome virus continues to mutate, and the possibility of the emergence of mutant strains with high infectivity and severe diseas...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/16/5411 |
| _version_ | 1797584296373911552 |
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| author | Kei Moriya Tomoko Nakakita Natsuki Nakayama Yuya Matsuo Yusuke Komeda Junichi Hanatani Daisuke Kaya Shinsaku Nagamatsu Hideki Matsuo Masakazu Uejima Fumihiko Nakamura |
| author_facet | Kei Moriya Tomoko Nakakita Natsuki Nakayama Yuya Matsuo Yusuke Komeda Junichi Hanatani Daisuke Kaya Shinsaku Nagamatsu Hideki Matsuo Masakazu Uejima Fumihiko Nakamura |
| author_sort | Kei Moriya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Aims: Although the World Health Organization declared the end of the public health emergency of international concern focusing on COVID-19 in May 2023, this bothersome virus continues to mutate, and the possibility of the emergence of mutant strains with high infectivity and severe disease rates has not disappeared. Thus, medical evidence must be accumulated, which is indispensable for protecting both patients under immunosuppressive treatments and the healthy population. This study examined SARS-CoV-2 vaccination responses in Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) compared with healthy controls. Methods: This observational study registered 22 patients with histologically diagnosed AIH and 809 healthy controls in our hospital. Their Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentrations before and after vaccination were evaluated. Results: In this study, 72.7% and 18.2% of patients with AIH received steroids and azathioprine, respectively. Significant negative correlations were found between age and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration in both groups; however, no sex differences were found. Although anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration was drastically augmented after the second vaccination (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the AIH group, these levels were significantly lower than those in the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the age- and sex-matched analysis, the population ratio with a minimum response (≤100 binding antibody units (BAU/mL) was higher among patients with AIH than among controls 26 weeks after the second vaccination (44% vs. 7%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: The anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration in AIH patients was significantly lower than that in controls after the second vaccination. Continued and widespread vaccination, particularly for patients requiring medical immunomodulation, is recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:50:50Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c82741e5a7e74a8291ffd4ca24303d44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:50:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c82741e5a7e74a8291ffd4ca24303d442023-11-19T01:41:54ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-08-011216541110.3390/jcm12165411SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control StudyKei Moriya0Tomoko Nakakita1Natsuki Nakayama2Yuya Matsuo3Yusuke Komeda4Junichi Hanatani5Daisuke Kaya6Shinsaku Nagamatsu7Hideki Matsuo8Masakazu Uejima9Fumihiko Nakamura10Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, JapanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara 630-8581, JapanBackground/Aims: Although the World Health Organization declared the end of the public health emergency of international concern focusing on COVID-19 in May 2023, this bothersome virus continues to mutate, and the possibility of the emergence of mutant strains with high infectivity and severe disease rates has not disappeared. Thus, medical evidence must be accumulated, which is indispensable for protecting both patients under immunosuppressive treatments and the healthy population. This study examined SARS-CoV-2 vaccination responses in Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) compared with healthy controls. Methods: This observational study registered 22 patients with histologically diagnosed AIH and 809 healthy controls in our hospital. Their Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentrations before and after vaccination were evaluated. Results: In this study, 72.7% and 18.2% of patients with AIH received steroids and azathioprine, respectively. Significant negative correlations were found between age and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration in both groups; however, no sex differences were found. Although anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration was drastically augmented after the second vaccination (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the AIH group, these levels were significantly lower than those in the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the age- and sex-matched analysis, the population ratio with a minimum response (≤100 binding antibody units (BAU/mL) was higher among patients with AIH than among controls 26 weeks after the second vaccination (44% vs. 7%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: The anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration in AIH patients was significantly lower than that in controls after the second vaccination. Continued and widespread vaccination, particularly for patients requiring medical immunomodulation, is recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/16/5411autoimmune hepatitiscase–control studiesCOVID-19propensity scoreSARS-CoV-2vaccination |
| spellingShingle | Kei Moriya Tomoko Nakakita Natsuki Nakayama Yuya Matsuo Yusuke Komeda Junichi Hanatani Daisuke Kaya Shinsaku Nagamatsu Hideki Matsuo Masakazu Uejima Fumihiko Nakamura SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study Journal of Clinical Medicine autoimmune hepatitis case–control studies COVID-19 propensity score SARS-CoV-2 vaccination |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Japanese Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results of Propensity Score-Matched Case–Control Study |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 vaccination response in japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis results of propensity score matched case control study |
| topic | autoimmune hepatitis case–control studies COVID-19 propensity score SARS-CoV-2 vaccination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/16/5411 |
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