Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge
ABSTRACT Adverse natural conditions will, generally, induce gemmulation in freshwater sponges. Because of this environmental dependence, gemmoscleres are given exceptional value in taxonomic, ecological and paleoenvironmental studies. Other spicules categories such as microscleres and beta megascler...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Academia Brasileira de Ciências
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000502013&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | MARCELA C. MATTEUZZO CECÍLIA VOLKMER-RIBEIRO ANGÉLICA F.D.C. VARAJÃO CÉSAR A.C. VARAJÃO ANNE ALEXANDRE DEMETRIO L. GUADAGNIN ARIANA C.S. ALMEIDA |
| author_facet | MARCELA C. MATTEUZZO CECÍLIA VOLKMER-RIBEIRO ANGÉLICA F.D.C. VARAJÃO CÉSAR A.C. VARAJÃO ANNE ALEXANDRE DEMETRIO L. GUADAGNIN ARIANA C.S. ALMEIDA |
| author_sort | MARCELA C. MATTEUZZO |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Adverse natural conditions will, generally, induce gemmulation in freshwater sponges. Because of this environmental dependence, gemmoscleres are given exceptional value in taxonomic, ecological and paleoenvironmental studies. Other spicules categories such as microscleres and beta megascleres have received little attention with regard to their occurrence and function during the sponge biological cycle. Metania spinata, a South American species common to bog waters in the Cerrado biome, produces alpha and beta megascleres, microscleres and gemmoscleres. To detect the environmental factors triggering the production of all these kinds of spicules, the species annual seasonal cycle was studied. Artificial substrates were devised, supplied with gemmules and placed in Lagoa Verde pond which contained a natural population of M. spinata. Field monitoring was conducted for eight months in order to observe the growth of sponges and spicules formation. Samples of water were taken monthly for physical and chemical parameters determination. The appearance of the alpha megascleres was sequentially followed by that of microscleres, gemmoscleres and beta megascleres. The first ones built the new sponge skeleton, the last three were involved in keeping inner moisture in the sponge body or its gemmules. The water level, temperature and the silicon (Si) concentration in the pond were the most important factors related to this sequential production of spicules, confirming environmental reconstructions based on the presence or absence of alpha megascleres and gemmoscleres in past sediments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T20:23:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c82ce1a832414888a6835cbd5e607362 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-2690 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T20:23:39Z |
| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
| publisher | Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
| spelling | doaj.art-c82ce1a832414888a6835cbd5e6073622022-12-21T18:13:47ZengAcademia Brasileira de CiênciasAnais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências1678-26902015-12-018742013202910.1590/0001-3765201520140461S0001-37652015000502013Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater spongeMARCELA C. MATTEUZZOCECÍLIA VOLKMER-RIBEIROANGÉLICA F.D.C. VARAJÃOCÉSAR A.C. VARAJÃOANNE ALEXANDREDEMETRIO L. GUADAGNINARIANA C.S. ALMEIDAABSTRACT Adverse natural conditions will, generally, induce gemmulation in freshwater sponges. Because of this environmental dependence, gemmoscleres are given exceptional value in taxonomic, ecological and paleoenvironmental studies. Other spicules categories such as microscleres and beta megascleres have received little attention with regard to their occurrence and function during the sponge biological cycle. Metania spinata, a South American species common to bog waters in the Cerrado biome, produces alpha and beta megascleres, microscleres and gemmoscleres. To detect the environmental factors triggering the production of all these kinds of spicules, the species annual seasonal cycle was studied. Artificial substrates were devised, supplied with gemmules and placed in Lagoa Verde pond which contained a natural population of M. spinata. Field monitoring was conducted for eight months in order to observe the growth of sponges and spicules formation. Samples of water were taken monthly for physical and chemical parameters determination. The appearance of the alpha megascleres was sequentially followed by that of microscleres, gemmoscleres and beta megascleres. The first ones built the new sponge skeleton, the last three were involved in keeping inner moisture in the sponge body or its gemmules. The water level, temperature and the silicon (Si) concentration in the pond were the most important factors related to this sequential production of spicules, confirming environmental reconstructions based on the presence or absence of alpha megascleres and gemmoscleres in past sediments.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000502013&lng=en&tlng=enmonitoramento em campoMetania spinatapaleointerpretaçõesespículas |
| spellingShingle | MARCELA C. MATTEUZZO CECÍLIA VOLKMER-RIBEIRO ANGÉLICA F.D.C. VARAJÃO CÉSAR A.C. VARAJÃO ANNE ALEXANDRE DEMETRIO L. GUADAGNIN ARIANA C.S. ALMEIDA Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências monitoramento em campo Metania spinata paleointerpretações espículas |
| title | Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge |
| title_full | Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge |
| title_fullStr | Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge |
| title_short | Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge |
| title_sort | environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge |
| topic | monitoramento em campo Metania spinata paleointerpretações espículas |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000502013&lng=en&tlng=en |
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