Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum
A wide spectrum of disease severity associated with cryptosporidiosis has been described, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal in both human and animal hosts. The reasons for the variations in severity are likely to be multifactorial, involving environmental, host and parasite factors. This paper desc...
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Elsevier
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X23000158 |
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| author | Paul M. Bartley Sarah Thomson Nicholas N. Jonsson Alessandra Taroda A. Innes Elisabeth Frank Katzer |
| author_facet | Paul M. Bartley Sarah Thomson Nicholas N. Jonsson Alessandra Taroda A. Innes Elisabeth Frank Katzer |
| author_sort | Paul M. Bartley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A wide spectrum of disease severity associated with cryptosporidiosis has been described, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal in both human and animal hosts. The reasons for the variations in severity are likely to be multifactorial, involving environmental, host and parasite factors. This paper describes two experimental infection trials in lambs, a symptomatic host for the parasite, to investigate variation in the clinical manifestations following infection with two distinct isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum. In the first experiment, groups of naïve lambs were challenged with one of two isolates (CP1 or CP2) at < 1 week of age, to test the effect of the isolates on disease outcome. In a second experiment one group of lambs challenged at < 1 week of age (CP1) was then re-challenged with the same isolate at 6 weeks of age (CP1), while a second group was challenged for the first time at 6 weeks of age (CP1). This experiment examined age-related disease symptoms, oocyst shedding and the effect of prior exposure to the parasite on a subsequent homologous challenge. The two isolates were associated with significant differences in the demeanour of the animals and in the numbers of oocysts shed in the faeces. There were also differences in the duration and severity of diarrhoea, though these were not significant. The age of the lamb, at the time of a primary challenge (<1 week or 6 weeks), also resulted in differences in clinical outcomes, with younger lambs showing more severe clinical disease than the older lambs (feeding profiles and presentation of diarrhoea), while older lambs showed virtually no signs of infection but still produced large numbers of oocysts. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c82da7a35c8c4e939c2ffae12696237e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-114X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:30:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-c82da7a35c8c4e939c2ffae12696237e2023-12-30T04:45:16ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases2667-114X2023-01-014100127Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvumPaul M. Bartley0Sarah Thomson1Nicholas N. Jonsson2Alessandra Taroda3A. Innes Elisabeth4Frank Katzer5Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom; Corresponding author.Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom; College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United KingdomCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United KingdomMoredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom; Protozoology Laboratory, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid – PR-445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná State, 86057-970, BrazilMoredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, United KingdomMoredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, United KingdomA wide spectrum of disease severity associated with cryptosporidiosis has been described, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal in both human and animal hosts. The reasons for the variations in severity are likely to be multifactorial, involving environmental, host and parasite factors. This paper describes two experimental infection trials in lambs, a symptomatic host for the parasite, to investigate variation in the clinical manifestations following infection with two distinct isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum. In the first experiment, groups of naïve lambs were challenged with one of two isolates (CP1 or CP2) at < 1 week of age, to test the effect of the isolates on disease outcome. In a second experiment one group of lambs challenged at < 1 week of age (CP1) was then re-challenged with the same isolate at 6 weeks of age (CP1), while a second group was challenged for the first time at 6 weeks of age (CP1). This experiment examined age-related disease symptoms, oocyst shedding and the effect of prior exposure to the parasite on a subsequent homologous challenge. The two isolates were associated with significant differences in the demeanour of the animals and in the numbers of oocysts shed in the faeces. There were also differences in the duration and severity of diarrhoea, though these were not significant. The age of the lamb, at the time of a primary challenge (<1 week or 6 weeks), also resulted in differences in clinical outcomes, with younger lambs showing more severe clinical disease than the older lambs (feeding profiles and presentation of diarrhoea), while older lambs showed virtually no signs of infection but still produced large numbers of oocysts.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X23000158Cryptosporidium parvumVirulencePathogenicityAge-dependant resistanceHomologous challenge |
| spellingShingle | Paul M. Bartley Sarah Thomson Nicholas N. Jonsson Alessandra Taroda A. Innes Elisabeth Frank Katzer Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases Cryptosporidium parvum Virulence Pathogenicity Age-dependant resistance Homologous challenge |
| title | Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum |
| title_full | Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum |
| title_fullStr | Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum |
| title_short | Differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum |
| title_sort | differences in virulence and oocyst shedding profiles in lambs experimentally infected with different isolates of cryptosporidium parvum |
| topic | Cryptosporidium parvum Virulence Pathogenicity Age-dependant resistance Homologous challenge |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X23000158 |
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