Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities
Four proteoglycans were sequentially extracted from Hypsizygus marmoreus using 0.1 M NaOH (alkali-soluble proteoglycans [F1] and alkali-insoluble proteoglycans [F3]) and 0.1 M HCl (acid-soluble proteoglycans [F2] and acid-insoluble proteoglycans [F4]), and their structures and immunomodulatory activ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2011-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/1/207/ |
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| author | Hee Mun Chae Hong Hui Bao Mehdi Tarbasa Sang Guan You |
| author_facet | Hee Mun Chae Hong Hui Bao Mehdi Tarbasa Sang Guan You |
| author_sort | Hee Mun Chae |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Four proteoglycans were sequentially extracted from Hypsizygus marmoreus using 0.1 M NaOH (alkali-soluble proteoglycans [F1] and alkali-insoluble proteoglycans [F3]) and 0.1 M HCl (acid-soluble proteoglycans [F2] and acid-insoluble proteoglycans [F4]), and their structures and immunomodulatory activities were investigated. The proteoglycans were found to contain carbohydrates (19.8–82.4%) with various amounts of proteins (7.7–67.3%), and glucose was the major monosaccharide unit present, along with trace amounts of galactose. The molecular weights (Mw) and the radius of gyration (Rg) of these proteoglycans showed ranges of 16 × 104–19,545 × 104 g/mol and 35–148 nm, respectively, showing significant variations in their molecular conformations. The backbones of F1 and F2 were mainly connected through a-(1→3), (1→4) and b-(1→6)-glycosidic linkages with some branches. The F1 and F2 proteoglycans significantly stimulated Raw264.7 cells to release nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and various cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 by inducing their mRNA expressions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T21:44:48Z |
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| id | doaj.art-c89b9e146cc44b279573a088ad01ca99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T21:44:48Z |
| publishDate | 2011-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c89b9e146cc44b279573a088ad01ca992022-12-22T00:49:41ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492011-12-0117120722610.3390/molecules17010207Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory ActivitiesHee Mun ChaeHong Hui BaoMehdi TarbasaSang Guan YouFour proteoglycans were sequentially extracted from Hypsizygus marmoreus using 0.1 M NaOH (alkali-soluble proteoglycans [F1] and alkali-insoluble proteoglycans [F3]) and 0.1 M HCl (acid-soluble proteoglycans [F2] and acid-insoluble proteoglycans [F4]), and their structures and immunomodulatory activities were investigated. The proteoglycans were found to contain carbohydrates (19.8–82.4%) with various amounts of proteins (7.7–67.3%), and glucose was the major monosaccharide unit present, along with trace amounts of galactose. The molecular weights (Mw) and the radius of gyration (Rg) of these proteoglycans showed ranges of 16 × 104–19,545 × 104 g/mol and 35–148 nm, respectively, showing significant variations in their molecular conformations. The backbones of F1 and F2 were mainly connected through a-(1→3), (1→4) and b-(1→6)-glycosidic linkages with some branches. The F1 and F2 proteoglycans significantly stimulated Raw264.7 cells to release nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and various cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 by inducing their mRNA expressions.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/1/207/Hypsizygus marmoreusproteoglycanimmunomodulation activitymolecular conformationglycosidic linkages |
| spellingShingle | Hee Mun Chae Hong Hui Bao Mehdi Tarbasa Sang Guan You Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities Molecules Hypsizygus marmoreus proteoglycan immunomodulation activity molecular conformation glycosidic linkages |
| title | Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities |
| title_full | Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities |
| title_short | Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities |
| title_sort | molecular properties of water unextractable proteoglycans from hypsizygus marmoreus and their in vitro immunomodulatory activities |
| topic | Hypsizygus marmoreus proteoglycan immunomodulation activity molecular conformation glycosidic linkages |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/1/207/ |
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