Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly
We present a case of a 60-year-old male referred to a tertiary psychiatric facility for diagnostic assessment due to low mood and behavioral changes. Neurological examination of the patient was unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated overt ventriculomegaly with gross dilatation of l...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00495/full |
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| author | Gésine L. Alders Luciano Minuzzi Luciano Minuzzi Luciano Minuzzi Sachin Sarin Benicio N. Frey Benicio N. Frey Benicio N. Frey Geoffrey B. Hall Zainab Samaan |
| author_facet | Gésine L. Alders Luciano Minuzzi Luciano Minuzzi Luciano Minuzzi Sachin Sarin Benicio N. Frey Benicio N. Frey Benicio N. Frey Geoffrey B. Hall Zainab Samaan |
| author_sort | Gésine L. Alders |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present a case of a 60-year-old male referred to a tertiary psychiatric facility for diagnostic assessment due to low mood and behavioral changes. Neurological examination of the patient was unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated overt ventriculomegaly with gross dilatation of lateral and third ventricles. Manual segmentation of gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated that the patient had a ventricular volume almost 46 times greater than that of healthy volunteers in the same age range. Despite his striking degree of ventriculomegaly and cortical thinning, he presented primarily with psychiatric and cognitive complaints. These represented a major neurocognitive disorder. His behavior improved with a structured environment and routine instituted by the treating team. This is a dramatic example of the brain’s response to extreme structural remodeling. Elements of pluripotentiality may counteract degeneracy to preserve functions in cases of serious structural stress in the brain. Changes in the neural circuitry of emotional processing, and/or disruption in signaling pathways important for synaptogenesis may influence depression pathophysiology. How this circuitry is modified in cases of extreme structural stress such as long-standing overt ventriculomegaly, is unclear. This case demonstrates the ability of the brain to generate a normal phenotype despite structural changes that seem incompatible with advanced cognitive function, illustrating the substantial potential for adaptability and plasticity in the brain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T21:40:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c8d913ad66af4cd7879963226a1b36f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T21:40:13Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-c8d913ad66af4cd7879963226a1b36f32022-12-21T22:46:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612018-12-011210.3389/fnhum.2018.00495418706Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe VentriculomegalyGésine L. Alders0Luciano Minuzzi1Luciano Minuzzi2Luciano Minuzzi3Sachin Sarin4Benicio N. Frey5Benicio N. Frey6Benicio N. Frey7Geoffrey B. Hall8Zainab Samaan9Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaNeuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaWomen’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, CanadaMood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaMood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaNeuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaWomen’s Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, CanadaMood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaDevelopmental Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaMood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadaWe present a case of a 60-year-old male referred to a tertiary psychiatric facility for diagnostic assessment due to low mood and behavioral changes. Neurological examination of the patient was unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated overt ventriculomegaly with gross dilatation of lateral and third ventricles. Manual segmentation of gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated that the patient had a ventricular volume almost 46 times greater than that of healthy volunteers in the same age range. Despite his striking degree of ventriculomegaly and cortical thinning, he presented primarily with psychiatric and cognitive complaints. These represented a major neurocognitive disorder. His behavior improved with a structured environment and routine instituted by the treating team. This is a dramatic example of the brain’s response to extreme structural remodeling. Elements of pluripotentiality may counteract degeneracy to preserve functions in cases of serious structural stress in the brain. Changes in the neural circuitry of emotional processing, and/or disruption in signaling pathways important for synaptogenesis may influence depression pathophysiology. How this circuitry is modified in cases of extreme structural stress such as long-standing overt ventriculomegaly, is unclear. This case demonstrates the ability of the brain to generate a normal phenotype despite structural changes that seem incompatible with advanced cognitive function, illustrating the substantial potential for adaptability and plasticity in the brain.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00495/fullventriculomegalyhydrocephalusdepressionventriclesMRIsegmentation |
| spellingShingle | Gésine L. Alders Luciano Minuzzi Luciano Minuzzi Luciano Minuzzi Sachin Sarin Benicio N. Frey Benicio N. Frey Benicio N. Frey Geoffrey B. Hall Zainab Samaan Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ventriculomegaly hydrocephalus depression ventricles MRI segmentation |
| title | Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly |
| title_full | Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly |
| title_fullStr | Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly |
| title_short | Volumetric MRI Analysis of a Case of Severe Ventriculomegaly |
| title_sort | volumetric mri analysis of a case of severe ventriculomegaly |
| topic | ventriculomegaly hydrocephalus depression ventricles MRI segmentation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00495/full |
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