The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics
Adaptation is a mechanism by which cortical neurons adjust their responses according to recently viewed stimuli. Visual information is processed in a circuit formed by feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) synaptic connections of neurons in different cortical layers. Here, the functional role of FF-FB...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncir.2019.00009/full |
| _version_ | 1818672280445648896 |
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| author | Selam W. Habtegiorgis Christian Jarvers Katharina Rifai Katharina Rifai Heiko Neumann Siegfried Wahl Siegfried Wahl |
| author_facet | Selam W. Habtegiorgis Christian Jarvers Katharina Rifai Katharina Rifai Heiko Neumann Siegfried Wahl Siegfried Wahl |
| author_sort | Selam W. Habtegiorgis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adaptation is a mechanism by which cortical neurons adjust their responses according to recently viewed stimuli. Visual information is processed in a circuit formed by feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) synaptic connections of neurons in different cortical layers. Here, the functional role of FF-FB streams and their synaptic dynamics in adaptation to natural stimuli is assessed in psychophysics and neural model. We propose a cortical model which predicts psychophysically observed motion adaptation aftereffects (MAE) after exposure to geometrically distorted natural image sequences. The model comprises direction selective neurons in V1 and MT connected by recurrent FF and FB dynamic synapses. Psychophysically plausible model MAEs were obtained from synaptic changes within neurons tuned to salient direction signals of the broadband natural input. It is conceived that, motion disambiguation by FF-FB interactions is critical to encode this salient information. Moreover, only FF-FB dynamic synapses operating at distinct rates predicted psychophysical MAEs at different adaptation time-scales which could not be accounted for by single rate dynamic synapses in either of the streams. Recurrent FF-FB pathways thereby play a role during adaptation in a natural environment, specifically in inducing multilevel cortical plasticity to salient information and in mediating adaptation at different time-scales. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T07:37:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c8da9e1a1c194c9bbebde0b10c1839af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5110 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T07:37:23Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
| spelling | doaj.art-c8da9e1a1c194c9bbebde0b10c1839af2022-12-21T21:58:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neural Circuits1662-51102019-02-011310.3389/fncir.2019.00009418654The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene StatisticsSelam W. Habtegiorgis0Christian Jarvers1Katharina Rifai2Katharina Rifai3Heiko Neumann4Siegfried Wahl5Siegfried Wahl6Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyFaculty of Engineering, Computer Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyCarl Zeiss Vision International GmbH, Aalen, GermanyFaculty of Engineering, Computer Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyInstitute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyFaculty of Engineering, Computer Sciences and Psychology, Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyAdaptation is a mechanism by which cortical neurons adjust their responses according to recently viewed stimuli. Visual information is processed in a circuit formed by feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) synaptic connections of neurons in different cortical layers. Here, the functional role of FF-FB streams and their synaptic dynamics in adaptation to natural stimuli is assessed in psychophysics and neural model. We propose a cortical model which predicts psychophysically observed motion adaptation aftereffects (MAE) after exposure to geometrically distorted natural image sequences. The model comprises direction selective neurons in V1 and MT connected by recurrent FF and FB dynamic synapses. Psychophysically plausible model MAEs were obtained from synaptic changes within neurons tuned to salient direction signals of the broadband natural input. It is conceived that, motion disambiguation by FF-FB interactions is critical to encode this salient information. Moreover, only FF-FB dynamic synapses operating at distinct rates predicted psychophysical MAEs at different adaptation time-scales which could not be accounted for by single rate dynamic synapses in either of the streams. Recurrent FF-FB pathways thereby play a role during adaptation in a natural environment, specifically in inducing multilevel cortical plasticity to salient information and in mediating adaptation at different time-scales.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncir.2019.00009/fulladaptationvisual systemdistortionsdynamic synapsesmotionnatural scenes |
| spellingShingle | Selam W. Habtegiorgis Christian Jarvers Katharina Rifai Katharina Rifai Heiko Neumann Siegfried Wahl Siegfried Wahl The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics Frontiers in Neural Circuits adaptation visual system distortions dynamic synapses motion natural scenes |
| title | The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics |
| title_full | The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics |
| title_short | The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics |
| title_sort | role of bottom up and top down cortical interactions in adaptation to natural scene statistics |
| topic | adaptation visual system distortions dynamic synapses motion natural scenes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncir.2019.00009/full |
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