Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test
Improving the balance of strength and toughness in structural materials is an ongoing challenge. Delamination and grain refinement are some of the methods used to do this. In this paper, two different steels, 0.15% C–0.3% Si–1.5% Mn–Fe and 0.4% C–2% Si–1% Cr–1% Mo–Fe (mass %), were prepared. Two ste...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/867 |
| _version_ | 1797486725062197248 |
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| author | Tadanobu Inoue Yuuji Kimura |
| author_facet | Tadanobu Inoue Yuuji Kimura |
| author_sort | Tadanobu Inoue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Improving the balance of strength and toughness in structural materials is an ongoing challenge. Delamination and grain refinement are some of the methods used to do this. In this paper, two different steels, 0.15% C–0.3% Si–1.5% Mn–Fe and 0.4% C–2% Si–1% Cr–1% Mo–Fe (mass %), were prepared. Two steel bars with an ultrafine elongated grain (UFEG) structure were fabricated via multipass warm caliber rolling. The UFEG steels were characterized by a strong <110>//rolling-direction fiber texture. The transverse grain size, <i>d<sub>t</sub></i>, was 1.0 µm for the low-carbon steel and 0.26 µm for the medium-carbon steel. For comparison, conventional heat-treated steels were also fabricated. An instrumented Charpy impact test was performed, and the impact load (<i>P</i>) and deflection (<i>u</i>) during the test were recorded. The <i>P</i>–<i>u</i> relations at the test temperature at which delamination fracture occurred exhibited a unique curve. Delamination effectively enhances the low-temperature toughness, and this was characterized by a plateau region of constant load in the <i>P</i>–<i>u</i> curve. Assuming no delamination, two routes in the <i>P</i>–<i>u</i> curves, the ductile route and the brittle route, were proposed. The results showed that the proposed methods can be predicted by an energy curve for ultrafine grained steels. Delamination is a more effective method of enhancing toughness for ultra-high-strength steels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:37:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c900ed1262e342fb9d2c05584c043d4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:37:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-c900ed1262e342fb9d2c05584c043d4a2023-11-23T16:58:25ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-01-0115386710.3390/ma15030867Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact TestTadanobu Inoue0Yuuji Kimura1Research Center for Structural Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, JapanResearch Center for Structural Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, JapanImproving the balance of strength and toughness in structural materials is an ongoing challenge. Delamination and grain refinement are some of the methods used to do this. In this paper, two different steels, 0.15% C–0.3% Si–1.5% Mn–Fe and 0.4% C–2% Si–1% Cr–1% Mo–Fe (mass %), were prepared. Two steel bars with an ultrafine elongated grain (UFEG) structure were fabricated via multipass warm caliber rolling. The UFEG steels were characterized by a strong <110>//rolling-direction fiber texture. The transverse grain size, <i>d<sub>t</sub></i>, was 1.0 µm for the low-carbon steel and 0.26 µm for the medium-carbon steel. For comparison, conventional heat-treated steels were also fabricated. An instrumented Charpy impact test was performed, and the impact load (<i>P</i>) and deflection (<i>u</i>) during the test were recorded. The <i>P</i>–<i>u</i> relations at the test temperature at which delamination fracture occurred exhibited a unique curve. Delamination effectively enhances the low-temperature toughness, and this was characterized by a plateau region of constant load in the <i>P</i>–<i>u</i> curve. Assuming no delamination, two routes in the <i>P</i>–<i>u</i> curves, the ductile route and the brittle route, were proposed. The results showed that the proposed methods can be predicted by an energy curve for ultrafine grained steels. Delamination is a more effective method of enhancing toughness for ultra-high-strength steels.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/867delaminationinstrumented impact teststeelsultrafine grained structuretoughening |
| spellingShingle | Tadanobu Inoue Yuuji Kimura Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test Materials delamination instrumented impact test steels ultrafine grained structure toughening |
| title | Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test |
| title_full | Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test |
| title_short | Effect of Delamination and Grain Refinement on Fracture Energy of Ultrafine-Grained Steel Determined Using an Instrumented Charpy Impact Test |
| title_sort | effect of delamination and grain refinement on fracture energy of ultrafine grained steel determined using an instrumented charpy impact test |
| topic | delamination instrumented impact test steels ultrafine grained structure toughening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/867 |
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