Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China
Abstract Background Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen worldwide. Extensive genetic diversity and complex population structures exist in C. parvum in different geographical regions and hosts. Unlike the IIa subtype family, which is responsible for most zoonotic C. parvum infections in ind...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04303-y |
| _version_ | 1831696015826092032 |
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| author | Zhenjie Zhang Suhui Hu Wentao Zhao Yaqiong Guo Na Li Zezhong Zheng Longxian Zhang Martin Kváč Lihua Xiao Yaoyu Feng |
| author_facet | Zhenjie Zhang Suhui Hu Wentao Zhao Yaqiong Guo Na Li Zezhong Zheng Longxian Zhang Martin Kváč Lihua Xiao Yaoyu Feng |
| author_sort | Zhenjie Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen worldwide. Extensive genetic diversity and complex population structures exist in C. parvum in different geographical regions and hosts. Unlike the IIa subtype family, which is responsible for most zoonotic C. parvum infections in industrialized countries, IId is identified as the dominant subtype family in farm animals, rodents and humans in China. Thus far, the population genetic characteristics of IId subtypes in calves in China are not clear. Methods In the present study, 46 C. parvum isolates from dairy and beef cattle in six provinces and regions in China were characterized using sequence analysis of eight genetic loci, including msc6-7, rpgr, msc6-5, dz-hrgp, chom3t, hsp70, mucin1 and gp60. They belonged to three IId subtypes in the gp60 gene, including IIdA20G1 (n = 17), IIdA19G1 (n = 24) and IIdA15G1 (n = 5). The data generated were analyzed for population genetic structures of C. parvum using DnaSP and LIAN and subpopulation structures using STRUCTURE, RAxML, Arlequin, GENALEX and Network. Results Seventeen multilocus genotypes were identified. The results of linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated the presence of an epidemic genetic structure in the C. parvum IId population. When isolates of various geographical areas were treated as individual subpopulations, maximum likelihood inference of phylogeny, pairwise genetic distance analysis, substructure analysis, principal components analysis and network analysis all provided evidence for geographical segregation of subpopulations in Heilongjiang, Hebei and Xinjiang. In contrast, isolates from Guangdong, Shanghai and Jiangsu were genetically similar to each other. Conclusions Data from the multilocus analysis have revealed a much higher genetic diversity of C. parvum than gp60 sequence analysis. Despite an epidemic population structure, there is an apparent geographical segregation in C. parvum subpopulations within China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:05:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9017628196e422bba5aef95d0e19445 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:05:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9017628196e422bba5aef95d0e194452022-12-21T19:39:47ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052020-08-0113111010.1186/s13071-020-04303-yPopulation structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in ChinaZhenjie Zhang0Suhui Hu1Wentao Zhao2Yaqiong Guo3Na Li4Zezhong Zheng5Longxian Zhang6Martin Kváč7Lihua Xiao8Yaoyu Feng9Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityCenter for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen worldwide. Extensive genetic diversity and complex population structures exist in C. parvum in different geographical regions and hosts. Unlike the IIa subtype family, which is responsible for most zoonotic C. parvum infections in industrialized countries, IId is identified as the dominant subtype family in farm animals, rodents and humans in China. Thus far, the population genetic characteristics of IId subtypes in calves in China are not clear. Methods In the present study, 46 C. parvum isolates from dairy and beef cattle in six provinces and regions in China were characterized using sequence analysis of eight genetic loci, including msc6-7, rpgr, msc6-5, dz-hrgp, chom3t, hsp70, mucin1 and gp60. They belonged to three IId subtypes in the gp60 gene, including IIdA20G1 (n = 17), IIdA19G1 (n = 24) and IIdA15G1 (n = 5). The data generated were analyzed for population genetic structures of C. parvum using DnaSP and LIAN and subpopulation structures using STRUCTURE, RAxML, Arlequin, GENALEX and Network. Results Seventeen multilocus genotypes were identified. The results of linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated the presence of an epidemic genetic structure in the C. parvum IId population. When isolates of various geographical areas were treated as individual subpopulations, maximum likelihood inference of phylogeny, pairwise genetic distance analysis, substructure analysis, principal components analysis and network analysis all provided evidence for geographical segregation of subpopulations in Heilongjiang, Hebei and Xinjiang. In contrast, isolates from Guangdong, Shanghai and Jiangsu were genetically similar to each other. Conclusions Data from the multilocus analysis have revealed a much higher genetic diversity of C. parvum than gp60 sequence analysis. Despite an epidemic population structure, there is an apparent geographical segregation in C. parvum subpopulations within China.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04303-yCryptosporidium parvumEpidemicGeographical segregationCattleChina |
| spellingShingle | Zhenjie Zhang Suhui Hu Wentao Zhao Yaqiong Guo Na Li Zezhong Zheng Longxian Zhang Martin Kváč Lihua Xiao Yaoyu Feng Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China Parasites & Vectors Cryptosporidium parvum Epidemic Geographical segregation Cattle China |
| title | Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China |
| title_full | Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China |
| title_fullStr | Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China |
| title_short | Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China |
| title_sort | population structure and geographical segregation of cryptosporidium parvum iid subtypes in cattle in china |
| topic | Cryptosporidium parvum Epidemic Geographical segregation Cattle China |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04303-y |
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