| Summary: | <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt;">Background. </span></strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">We have previously shown that nitrogenous metabolites</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">have immunomodulatory effects, both suppressor and enhancing,</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">both in healthy rats and in humans exposed to pathogenic influences. The immunomodulatory effect of bilirubin is probably mediated through aryl hydrocarbon receptors, and uric acid through TL- and </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">a</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">denosine receptors of immune cells. The question of mediators of the immunomodulatory action of urea and creatinine remains open. We hypothesized the mediating role of mediators of the autonomic nervous system and </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">adaptive </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">hormones.</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The </span><strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">aim</span></strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> of this study is to analyze the relationships between the parameters of nitrogenous metabolites and the parameters of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems, on the one hand, and between neuroendocrine and immune parameters - on the other hand. </span><strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">Material and methods</span></strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. </span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;">Experiment was performed on </span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;">60</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;"> healthy female Wistar rats. The plasma levels and urinary excretion of the nitrogenous metabolites, HRV and endocrine (corticosterone, triiodothyronine and testosterone plasma levels, calcitonin, parathyroid and mineralocorticoid activities, the thickness of glomerular, fascicular, reticular and medullar zones of adrenals) parameters as well as parameters of immunity were determined</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12,0000pt;">. </span><strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">Results</span></strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">According to the results of canonical correlation analysis, the modulating effects of nitrogenous metabolites on neuroendocrine parameters are quite pronounced and almost identical in terms of bilirubin</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(R=0,603)</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">, creatinine </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(R=0,602)</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">, uric acid </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(R=0,599) </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">and urea </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(R=0,586)</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Taken together, nitrogenous metabolites determine neuroendocrine parameters by 7</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1,5</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">%</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> (</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt;">R=0,845; χ</span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt; vertical-align: super;">2</span></sup><sub><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt; vertical-align: sub;">(84)</span></sub><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt;">=179; p<10</span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt; vertical-align: super;">-6</span></sup><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Triiodothyronine, fascicular and medullar areas of the adrenal glands, vagal tone and calcitonin activity were the most susceptible to nitrogenous metabolites. </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">I</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">n turn, neuroendocrine parameters determine the parameters of immunity, subject to exposure to nitrogenous metabolites, by 95,8% </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(</span><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt;">R=0,979; χ</span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt; vertical-align: super;">2</span></sup><sub><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt; vertical-align: sub;">(264)</span></sub><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt;">=405; p<10</span><sup><span style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; font-size: 12,0000pt; vertical-align: super;">-6</span></sup><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)</span><span class="16" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">.</span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold;">Conclusion</span></strong><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. </span><span class="15" style="mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Previously identified immunomodulatory effects of nitrogenous metabolites are realized, perhaps, through the factors of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems.</span></p>
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