Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants

The presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies may interfere with the immune response to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and its influence on the safety of vaccination is not yet understood. A total of 1146 eligible infants were randomly assigned (1:1) to the IPV and Sabin IPV (SIPV) groups to comp...

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Main Authors: Shuyu Gao, Mingwei Wei, Kai Chu, Jingxin Li, Fengcai Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2022-11-01
Series:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2050106
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author Shuyu Gao
Mingwei Wei
Kai Chu
Jingxin Li
Fengcai Zhu
author_facet Shuyu Gao
Mingwei Wei
Kai Chu
Jingxin Li
Fengcai Zhu
author_sort Shuyu Gao
collection DOAJ
description The presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies may interfere with the immune response to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and its influence on the safety of vaccination is not yet understood. A total of 1146 eligible infants were randomly assigned (1:1) to the IPV and Sabin IPV (SIPV) groups to compare and analyze the efficacy of the two vaccines in preventing poliovirus infection. We pooled the SIPV and IPV groups and reclassified them into the maternal poliovirus antibody-positive group (MAPG; ≥1: 8) and the maternal poliovirus antibody-negative group (MANG; <1: 8). We evaluated the impact of maternal poliovirus antibodies by comparing the geometric mean titer (GMT), seroconversion rate, and geometric mean increase (GMI) of types I–III poliovirus neutralizing antibodies post-vaccination, and incidence rates of adverse reactions following vaccination between the MAPG and MANG. Respective seroconversion rates in the MAPG and MANG were 94% and 100%, 79.27% and 100%, and 93.26% and 100% (all serotypes, P < .01) for types I—III poliovirus, respectively. The GMT of all types of poliovirus antibodies in the MAPG (1319.13, 219.91, 764.11, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the MANG (1584.92, 286.73, 899.59, respectively) (P < .05). The GMI in the MAPG was significantly lower than that in the MANG (P < .05). No statistically significant difference in the incidence of local and systemic adverse reactions was observed between the MAPG and MANG. Thus, the presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies does not affect the safety of IPV but can negatively impact the immune responses in infants after IPV vaccination.
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spelling doaj.art-c909439fe2f245f3856a8556cce80bb82023-09-26T13:19:05ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2022-11-0118510.1080/21645515.2022.20501062050106Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infantsShuyu Gao0Mingwei Wei1Kai Chu2Jingxin Li3Fengcai Zhu4Southeast UniversityJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionJiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionSoutheast UniversityThe presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies may interfere with the immune response to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and its influence on the safety of vaccination is not yet understood. A total of 1146 eligible infants were randomly assigned (1:1) to the IPV and Sabin IPV (SIPV) groups to compare and analyze the efficacy of the two vaccines in preventing poliovirus infection. We pooled the SIPV and IPV groups and reclassified them into the maternal poliovirus antibody-positive group (MAPG; ≥1: 8) and the maternal poliovirus antibody-negative group (MANG; <1: 8). We evaluated the impact of maternal poliovirus antibodies by comparing the geometric mean titer (GMT), seroconversion rate, and geometric mean increase (GMI) of types I–III poliovirus neutralizing antibodies post-vaccination, and incidence rates of adverse reactions following vaccination between the MAPG and MANG. Respective seroconversion rates in the MAPG and MANG were 94% and 100%, 79.27% and 100%, and 93.26% and 100% (all serotypes, P < .01) for types I—III poliovirus, respectively. The GMT of all types of poliovirus antibodies in the MAPG (1319.13, 219.91, 764.11, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the MANG (1584.92, 286.73, 899.59, respectively) (P < .05). The GMI in the MAPG was significantly lower than that in the MANG (P < .05). No statistically significant difference in the incidence of local and systemic adverse reactions was observed between the MAPG and MANG. Thus, the presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies does not affect the safety of IPV but can negatively impact the immune responses in infants after IPV vaccination.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2050106inactivated polio vaccinematernal antibodyimmunogenicitysafety
spellingShingle Shuyu Gao
Mingwei Wei
Kai Chu
Jingxin Li
Fengcai Zhu
Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
inactivated polio vaccine
maternal antibody
immunogenicity
safety
title Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
title_full Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
title_fullStr Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
title_full_unstemmed Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
title_short Effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
title_sort effects of maternal antibodies in infants on the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated polio vaccine in infants
topic inactivated polio vaccine
maternal antibody
immunogenicity
safety
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2050106
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