A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer
Caprock is a water-saturated formation with a sufficient entry capillary pressure to prevent the upward migration of a buoyant fluid. When the entry capillary pressure of caprock is smaller than the pressure exerted by the buoyant CO2 plume, CO2 gradually penetrates into the caprock. The CO2 penetra...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775515001328 |
| _version_ | 1819112492866994176 |
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| author | J.G. Wang Yang Ju Feng Gao Jia Liu |
| author_facet | J.G. Wang Yang Ju Feng Gao Jia Liu |
| author_sort | J.G. Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Caprock is a water-saturated formation with a sufficient entry capillary pressure to prevent the upward migration of a buoyant fluid. When the entry capillary pressure of caprock is smaller than the pressure exerted by the buoyant CO2 plume, CO2 gradually penetrates into the caprock. The CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer can be used to measure the caprock sealing efficiency and becomes the key issue to the assessment of caprock sealing efficiency. On the other hand, our numerical simulations on a caprock layer have revealed that a square root law for time and pore pressure exists for the CO2 penetration into the caprock layer. Based on this finding, this study proposes a simple approach to estimate the CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer. This simple approach is initially developed to consider the speed of CO2 invading front. It explicitly expresses the penetration depth with pressuring time, pressure difference and pressure magnitude. This simple approach is then used to fit three sets of experimental data and good fittings are observed regardless of pressures, strengths of porous media, and pore fluids (water, hydrochloric acid, and carbonic acid). Finally, theoretical analyses are conducted to explore those factors affecting CO2 penetration depth. The effects of capillary pressure, gas sorption induced swelling, and fluid property are then included in this simple approach. These results show that this simple approach can predict the penetration depth into a caprock layer with sufficient accuracy, even if complicated interactions in penetration process are not explicitly expressed in this simple formula. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:14:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c91ea75b1afc4195961dc4f2ca5a6e26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1674-7755 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:14:23Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-c91ea75b1afc4195961dc4f2ca5a6e262022-12-21T18:39:27ZengElsevierJournal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering1674-77552016-02-0181758610.1016/j.jrmge.2015.10.002A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layerJ.G. Wang0Yang Ju1Feng Gao2Jia Liu3School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, ChinaSchool of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, ChinaCaprock is a water-saturated formation with a sufficient entry capillary pressure to prevent the upward migration of a buoyant fluid. When the entry capillary pressure of caprock is smaller than the pressure exerted by the buoyant CO2 plume, CO2 gradually penetrates into the caprock. The CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer can be used to measure the caprock sealing efficiency and becomes the key issue to the assessment of caprock sealing efficiency. On the other hand, our numerical simulations on a caprock layer have revealed that a square root law for time and pore pressure exists for the CO2 penetration into the caprock layer. Based on this finding, this study proposes a simple approach to estimate the CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer. This simple approach is initially developed to consider the speed of CO2 invading front. It explicitly expresses the penetration depth with pressuring time, pressure difference and pressure magnitude. This simple approach is then used to fit three sets of experimental data and good fittings are observed regardless of pressures, strengths of porous media, and pore fluids (water, hydrochloric acid, and carbonic acid). Finally, theoretical analyses are conducted to explore those factors affecting CO2 penetration depth. The effects of capillary pressure, gas sorption induced swelling, and fluid property are then included in this simple approach. These results show that this simple approach can predict the penetration depth into a caprock layer with sufficient accuracy, even if complicated interactions in penetration process are not explicitly expressed in this simple formula.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775515001328Fracture-matrix systemFully coupled modelTwo-phase flow modelSquare root lawSimple approachCO2 penetration depthCaprock sealing efficiency |
| spellingShingle | J.G. Wang Yang Ju Feng Gao Jia Liu A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Fracture-matrix system Fully coupled model Two-phase flow model Square root law Simple approach CO2 penetration depth Caprock sealing efficiency |
| title | A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer |
| title_full | A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer |
| title_fullStr | A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer |
| title_full_unstemmed | A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer |
| title_short | A simple approach for the estimation of CO2 penetration depth into a caprock layer |
| title_sort | simple approach for the estimation of co2 penetration depth into a caprock layer |
| topic | Fracture-matrix system Fully coupled model Two-phase flow model Square root law Simple approach CO2 penetration depth Caprock sealing efficiency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775515001328 |
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