Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review
During severe plastic deformation (SPD), the processes of lattice defect formation as well as their relaxation (annihilation) compete with each other. As a result, a dynamic equilibrium is established, and a steady state is reached after a certain strain value. Simultaneously, other kinetic processe...
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2022-01-01
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| author | Boris B. Straumal Roman Kulagin Leonid Klinger Eugen Rabkin Petr B. Straumal Olga A. Kogtenkova Brigitte Baretzky |
| author_facet | Boris B. Straumal Roman Kulagin Leonid Klinger Eugen Rabkin Petr B. Straumal Olga A. Kogtenkova Brigitte Baretzky |
| author_sort | Boris B. Straumal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During severe plastic deformation (SPD), the processes of lattice defect formation as well as their relaxation (annihilation) compete with each other. As a result, a dynamic equilibrium is established, and a steady state is reached after a certain strain value. Simultaneously, other kinetic processes act in opposite directions and also compete with each other during SPD, such as grain refinement/growth, mechanical strengthening/softening, formation/decomposition of solid solution, etc. These competing processes also lead to dynamic equilibrium and result in a steady state (saturation), albeit after different strains. Among these steady-state phenomena, particle fragmentation during the second phase of SPD has received little attention. Available data indicate that precipitate fragmentation slows down with increasing strain, though saturation is achieved at higher strains than in the case of hardness or grain size. Moreover, one can consider the SPD-driven nanocrystallization in the amorphous phase as a process that is opposite to the fragmentation of precipitates. The size of these crystalline nanoprecipitates also saturates after a certain strain. The fragmentation of precipitates during SPD is the topic of this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:02:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c92f015365df4b30a96001a804199157 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:02:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-c92f015365df4b30a96001a8041991572023-11-23T14:31:49ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-01-0115260110.3390/ma15020601Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A ReviewBoris B. Straumal0Roman Kulagin1Leonid Klinger2Eugen Rabkin3Petr B. Straumal4Olga A. Kogtenkova5Brigitte Baretzky6Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, IsraelDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, IsraelBaikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp. 49, 119334 Moscow, RussiaChernogolovka Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lesnaja Str. 9, 142432 Chernogolovka, RussiaKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyDuring severe plastic deformation (SPD), the processes of lattice defect formation as well as their relaxation (annihilation) compete with each other. As a result, a dynamic equilibrium is established, and a steady state is reached after a certain strain value. Simultaneously, other kinetic processes act in opposite directions and also compete with each other during SPD, such as grain refinement/growth, mechanical strengthening/softening, formation/decomposition of solid solution, etc. These competing processes also lead to dynamic equilibrium and result in a steady state (saturation), albeit after different strains. Among these steady-state phenomena, particle fragmentation during the second phase of SPD has received little attention. Available data indicate that precipitate fragmentation slows down with increasing strain, though saturation is achieved at higher strains than in the case of hardness or grain size. Moreover, one can consider the SPD-driven nanocrystallization in the amorphous phase as a process that is opposite to the fragmentation of precipitates. The size of these crystalline nanoprecipitates also saturates after a certain strain. The fragmentation of precipitates during SPD is the topic of this review.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/2/601severe plastic deformationdynamic equilibriumsteady-statefragmentation nanocrystallization |
| spellingShingle | Boris B. Straumal Roman Kulagin Leonid Klinger Eugen Rabkin Petr B. Straumal Olga A. Kogtenkova Brigitte Baretzky Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review Materials severe plastic deformation dynamic equilibrium steady-state fragmentation nanocrystallization |
| title | Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review |
| title_full | Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review |
| title_short | Structure Refinement and Fragmentation of Precipitates under Severe Plastic Deformation: A Review |
| title_sort | structure refinement and fragmentation of precipitates under severe plastic deformation a review |
| topic | severe plastic deformation dynamic equilibrium steady-state fragmentation nanocrystallization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/2/601 |
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