AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is reported as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Salmonella infection plays a role in developing this cancer, which is chronically related to the avirulence protein A (AvrA) effector protein produced by the bacteria. This study was conducted to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| Online Access: | https://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/2607 |
| _version_ | 1797397440906657792 |
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| author | Bogi Pratomo Wibowo Handono Kalim Husnul Khotimah Hidayat Sujuti Ettie Rukmigarsari Nabila Erina Erwan |
| author_facet | Bogi Pratomo Wibowo Handono Kalim Husnul Khotimah Hidayat Sujuti Ettie Rukmigarsari Nabila Erina Erwan |
| author_sort | Bogi Pratomo Wibowo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is reported as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Salmonella infection plays a role in developing this cancer, which is chronically related to the avirulence protein A (AvrA) effector protein produced by the bacteria. This study was conducted to point out the effect of AvrA Salmonella on the occurrence of CRC through the regulation of TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β expressions in the azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) CRC model.
METHODS: A randomized control group post-test-only study was conducted using male Balb/c mice with 30-gram body weight (10-12 weeks), which were divided into three groups, namely the negative control (normal mice without any treatment), positive control (AOM/DSS-treated mice), treatment 1 (T1) (AOM/DSS-treated mice + AvrA Salmonella) groups. Colon tissue was collected and then prepared for immunohistochemistry staining using TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, and Ki67 antibodies, whereas apoptotic cells were stained using TUNEL assay.
RESULTS: The expressions of TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, Ki67, and apoptosis percentage indicated significant differences among the three groups, which statistically showed p<0.05 in all observed parameters. The mean of all parameters was far more significant in the T1 group than in the negative and positive control groups.
CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that AvrA Salmonella could increase the expressions of TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, and Ki67 and decrease the apoptotic percentage. Thus, AvrA Salmonella influences CRC tumorigenesis through TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β and is suggested as a potential target in future preventive and curative management for CRC.
KEYWORDS: AvrA Salmonella, carcinogenesis, colorectal cancer |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:10:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c92f964ad914488296af9170547697d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2085-3297 2355-9179 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:10:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-c92f964ad914488296af9170547697d12023-12-11T07:01:07ZengSecretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical JournalIndonesian Biomedical Journal2085-32972355-91792023-12-01156391910.18585/inabj.v15i6.2607548AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice ModelBogi Pratomo Wibowo0Handono Kalim1Husnul Khotimah2Hidayat Sujuti3Ettie Rukmigarsari4Nabila Erina Erwan5Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145Rheumatology and Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto No. 2, Malang 65112Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145Department of Biochemistry/Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145Mathematics Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Malang 65144Master in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is reported as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Salmonella infection plays a role in developing this cancer, which is chronically related to the avirulence protein A (AvrA) effector protein produced by the bacteria. This study was conducted to point out the effect of AvrA Salmonella on the occurrence of CRC through the regulation of TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β expressions in the azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) CRC model. METHODS: A randomized control group post-test-only study was conducted using male Balb/c mice with 30-gram body weight (10-12 weeks), which were divided into three groups, namely the negative control (normal mice without any treatment), positive control (AOM/DSS-treated mice), treatment 1 (T1) (AOM/DSS-treated mice + AvrA Salmonella) groups. Colon tissue was collected and then prepared for immunohistochemistry staining using TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, and Ki67 antibodies, whereas apoptotic cells were stained using TUNEL assay. RESULTS: The expressions of TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, Ki67, and apoptosis percentage indicated significant differences among the three groups, which statistically showed p<0.05 in all observed parameters. The mean of all parameters was far more significant in the T1 group than in the negative and positive control groups. CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that AvrA Salmonella could increase the expressions of TLR4, β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β, and Ki67 and decrease the apoptotic percentage. Thus, AvrA Salmonella influences CRC tumorigenesis through TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β and is suggested as a potential target in future preventive and curative management for CRC. KEYWORDS: AvrA Salmonella, carcinogenesis, colorectal cancerhttps://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/2607 |
| spellingShingle | Bogi Pratomo Wibowo Handono Kalim Husnul Khotimah Hidayat Sujuti Ettie Rukmigarsari Nabila Erina Erwan AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| title | AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model |
| title_full | AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model |
| title_fullStr | AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model |
| title_short | AvrA Salmonella Increases TLR4/NF-κB/β-catenin/TGF-β Expressions of Colorectal Cancer Mice Model |
| title_sort | avra salmonella increases tlr4 nf κb β catenin tgf β expressions of colorectal cancer mice model |
| url | https://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/2607 |
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