Long-Term Effects of External Sulfate Attack on Low-Carbon Cementitious Materials at Early Age

Long-Term Effects of External Sulfate Attack on Low-Carbon Cementitious Materials at Early Age

Placed in a sulfate-rich environment, concrete reacts with sulfate ions, influencing the long-term durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. This external sulfate attack (ESA) degrades the cement paste through complex and coupled physicochemical mechanisms that can lead to severe mechanical...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: François El Inaty, Bugra Aydin, Maryam Houhou, Mario Marchetti, Marc Quiertant, Othman Omikrine Metalssi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-03-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
external sulfate attack
early age
supplementary cementitious materials
physicochemical behavior
long term durability
low carbon cement
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2831

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