Theories behind Bacillus Calmette-Guérin failure in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and update on current management

Theories behind Bacillus Calmette-Guérin failure in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and update on current management

Bladder cancer encapsulates a wide spectrum of disease severities, with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) representing an entirely different entity from muscle-invasive disease. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is one of the most successful intravesical treatment methods for patients diagnose...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hanna Maroof, Louise Paramore, Ahmed Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-04-01
Series:Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy
Subjects:
Cystectomy
Hyperthermia
Induced
Immunotherapy
Mycobacterium bovis
Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949713223000939

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