Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis
Background and purposeThe findings of clinical studies exploring essential oils (EOs) for anxiety remain disputed, and no studies have yet clarified the differences in the efficacy of EOs. The purpose of the study was to directly or indirectly compare the efficacy of different types of EOs on anxiet...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1144404/full |
| _version_ | 1797814368324288512 |
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| author | Ling Tan Fei-fei Liao Fei-fei Liao Lin-zi Long Xiao-chang Ma Xiao-chang Ma Yu-xuan Peng Yu-xuan Peng Jie-ming Lu Jie-ming Lu Hua Qu Hua Qu Chang-geng Fu Chang-geng Fu |
| author_facet | Ling Tan Fei-fei Liao Fei-fei Liao Lin-zi Long Xiao-chang Ma Xiao-chang Ma Yu-xuan Peng Yu-xuan Peng Jie-ming Lu Jie-ming Lu Hua Qu Hua Qu Chang-geng Fu Chang-geng Fu |
| author_sort | Ling Tan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and purposeThe findings of clinical studies exploring essential oils (EOs) for anxiety remain disputed, and no studies have yet clarified the differences in the efficacy of EOs. The purpose of the study was to directly or indirectly compare the efficacy of different types of EOs on anxiety by pooling the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from inception to November 2022. Only full texts of RCTs that investigated the effects of EOs on anxiety were included. The trial data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed by two reviewers independently. Pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were performed by Stata 15.1 or R 4.1.2 software.ResultsForty-four RCTs (fifty study arms) involving 10 kinds of EOs and 3419 anxiety patients (1815 patients in EOs group and 1604 patients in control group) were included. Pairwise meta-analyses showed that EOs were effective in reducing State Anxiety Inventory scores (SAIS) [WMD = −6.63, 95% CI−8.17, −5.08] and Trait Anxiety Inventory scores (TAIS) [WMD = −4.97, 95% CI−6.73, −3.20]. Additionally, EOs could decrease systolic blood pressure (SBP) [WMD = −6.83, (95% CI −10.53, −3.12), P < 0.001] and heart rate (HR) [WMD = −3.43, (95% CI −5.51, −1.36), P < 0.001]. Network meta-analyses demonstrated that regarding the outcome of SAIS, Jasminum sambac (L.)Ait. (jasmine) was the most effective with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of−13.61 (95% CrI−24.79, −2.48). Followed by Citrus (citrus aurantium L.), which had a WMD of−9.62 (95% CrI−13.32, −5.93). Moderate effect sizes were observed for Rosa rugosa Thunb. (damask rose) (WMD = −6.78, 95% CrI−10.14, −3.49) and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) (WMD = −5.41, 95% CrI−7.86, −2.98). Regarding the results of TAIS, citrus aurantium L. was the best ranked intervention with a WMD of−9.62 (95% CrI−15.62, −3.7). Moderate-to-large effect sizes were observed for Citrus limon (L.) Burm. F. (lemon) (WMD:−8.48; 95% CrI−16.67, −0.33) and lavender (WMD:−5.5; 95% CrI−8.7, −2.46).ConclusionAccording to the comprehensive analysis, EOs are effective in reducing both state anxiety and trait anxiety, and citrus aurantium L. essential oil seems to be the most recommended type of EO for treating anxiety because of its significant effects in reducing SAIS and TAIS.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022331319. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:06:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9383b4db9a34335b6620ec56321c163 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:06:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9383b4db9a34335b6620ec56321c1632023-06-01T04:41:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652023-06-011110.3389/fpubh.2023.11444041144404Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysisLing Tan0Fei-fei Liao1Fei-fei Liao2Lin-zi Long3Xiao-chang Ma4Xiao-chang Ma5Yu-xuan Peng6Yu-xuan Peng7Jie-ming Lu8Jie-ming Lu9Hua Qu10Hua Qu11Chang-geng Fu12Chang-geng Fu13Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaGraduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Research Center of TCM, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaGraduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaGraduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Research Center of TCM, Beijing, ChinaXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaNational Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Research Center of TCM, Beijing, ChinaBackground and purposeThe findings of clinical studies exploring essential oils (EOs) for anxiety remain disputed, and no studies have yet clarified the differences in the efficacy of EOs. The purpose of the study was to directly or indirectly compare the efficacy of different types of EOs on anxiety by pooling the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from inception to November 2022. Only full texts of RCTs that investigated the effects of EOs on anxiety were included. The trial data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed by two reviewers independently. Pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were performed by Stata 15.1 or R 4.1.2 software.ResultsForty-four RCTs (fifty study arms) involving 10 kinds of EOs and 3419 anxiety patients (1815 patients in EOs group and 1604 patients in control group) were included. Pairwise meta-analyses showed that EOs were effective in reducing State Anxiety Inventory scores (SAIS) [WMD = −6.63, 95% CI−8.17, −5.08] and Trait Anxiety Inventory scores (TAIS) [WMD = −4.97, 95% CI−6.73, −3.20]. Additionally, EOs could decrease systolic blood pressure (SBP) [WMD = −6.83, (95% CI −10.53, −3.12), P < 0.001] and heart rate (HR) [WMD = −3.43, (95% CI −5.51, −1.36), P < 0.001]. Network meta-analyses demonstrated that regarding the outcome of SAIS, Jasminum sambac (L.)Ait. (jasmine) was the most effective with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of−13.61 (95% CrI−24.79, −2.48). Followed by Citrus (citrus aurantium L.), which had a WMD of−9.62 (95% CrI−13.32, −5.93). Moderate effect sizes were observed for Rosa rugosa Thunb. (damask rose) (WMD = −6.78, 95% CrI−10.14, −3.49) and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) (WMD = −5.41, 95% CrI−7.86, −2.98). Regarding the results of TAIS, citrus aurantium L. was the best ranked intervention with a WMD of−9.62 (95% CrI−15.62, −3.7). Moderate-to-large effect sizes were observed for Citrus limon (L.) Burm. F. (lemon) (WMD:−8.48; 95% CrI−16.67, −0.33) and lavender (WMD:−5.5; 95% CrI−8.7, −2.46).ConclusionAccording to the comprehensive analysis, EOs are effective in reducing both state anxiety and trait anxiety, and citrus aurantium L. essential oil seems to be the most recommended type of EO for treating anxiety because of its significant effects in reducing SAIS and TAIS.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022331319.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1144404/fullanxietyaromatherapyessential oilsState-Trait Anxiety Inventorynetwork meta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ling Tan Fei-fei Liao Fei-fei Liao Lin-zi Long Xiao-chang Ma Xiao-chang Ma Yu-xuan Peng Yu-xuan Peng Jie-ming Lu Jie-ming Lu Hua Qu Hua Qu Chang-geng Fu Chang-geng Fu Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis Frontiers in Public Health anxiety aromatherapy essential oils State-Trait Anxiety Inventory network meta-analysis |
| title | Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis |
| title_full | Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis |
| title_short | Essential oils for treating anxiety: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta-analysis |
| title_sort | essential oils for treating anxiety a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and network meta analysis |
| topic | anxiety aromatherapy essential oils State-Trait Anxiety Inventory network meta-analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1144404/full |
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