Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties
We compared the effects of wood-, manure-, and blend-derived biochar (BC) saturated/unsaturated with dairy effluents on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> performance and soil characteristics in a greenhouse pot study. Plant samples were assayed for herbage...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/851 |
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| author | Lisandro J. Entio Cosette B. Taggart James P. Muir Eunsung Kan Jeff A. Brady Olabiyi Obayomi |
| author_facet | Lisandro J. Entio Cosette B. Taggart James P. Muir Eunsung Kan Jeff A. Brady Olabiyi Obayomi |
| author_sort | Lisandro J. Entio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We compared the effects of wood-, manure-, and blend-derived biochar (BC) saturated/unsaturated with dairy effluents on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> performance and soil characteristics in a greenhouse pot study. Plant samples were assayed for herbage and root dry weight and N and C percentages. Soil samples were assayed for nutrients, pH, and conductivity. Variance analysis, Tukey’s tests, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis were performed. The performance of <i>C. dactylon</i> was not affected. <i>V. unguiculata</i>’s herbage and root production responded negatively to manure BC and 2% of any BC, respectively, which is mainly explained by the conductivity and soil P increase, respectively. When <i>V. unguiculata</i> was grown, BC inclusion decreased NO<sub>3</sub>-N and increased the soil P content. When <i>C. dactylon</i> was grown, only P was altered (increased) when manure or the blend BC were applied. The soil total C increased as the BC loading rate increased. The application of high BC rates was detrimental for <i>V. unguiculata,</i> but showed a neutral effect for <i>C. dactylon</i>. To improve dairy waste recycling, saturated 1% blend BC and saturated 2% blend or manure BC could be applied to <i>V. unguiculata</i> and <i>C. dactylon</i>, respectively, with no short-term negative impacts. Only wood BC avoided soil P build-up. BC application increased the soil total C, showing potential for C sequestration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:54:08Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:54:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c93d05810aaa4afb959bae7f5c02f96b2024-03-27T14:00:51ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-03-0113685110.3390/plants13060851Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil PropertiesLisandro J. Entio0Cosette B. Taggart1James P. Muir2Eunsung Kan3Jeff A. Brady4Olabiyi Obayomi5Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Stephenville, 1229 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USAWe compared the effects of wood-, manure-, and blend-derived biochar (BC) saturated/unsaturated with dairy effluents on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> performance and soil characteristics in a greenhouse pot study. Plant samples were assayed for herbage and root dry weight and N and C percentages. Soil samples were assayed for nutrients, pH, and conductivity. Variance analysis, Tukey’s tests, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis were performed. The performance of <i>C. dactylon</i> was not affected. <i>V. unguiculata</i>’s herbage and root production responded negatively to manure BC and 2% of any BC, respectively, which is mainly explained by the conductivity and soil P increase, respectively. When <i>V. unguiculata</i> was grown, BC inclusion decreased NO<sub>3</sub>-N and increased the soil P content. When <i>C. dactylon</i> was grown, only P was altered (increased) when manure or the blend BC were applied. The soil total C increased as the BC loading rate increased. The application of high BC rates was detrimental for <i>V. unguiculata,</i> but showed a neutral effect for <i>C. dactylon</i>. To improve dairy waste recycling, saturated 1% blend BC and saturated 2% blend or manure BC could be applied to <i>V. unguiculata</i> and <i>C. dactylon</i>, respectively, with no short-term negative impacts. Only wood BC avoided soil P build-up. BC application increased the soil total C, showing potential for C sequestration.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/851effluent-saturated biocharsoil characteristics<i>Vigna unguiculata</i><i>Cynodon dactylon</i> |
| spellingShingle | Lisandro J. Entio Cosette B. Taggart James P. Muir Eunsung Kan Jeff A. Brady Olabiyi Obayomi Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties Plants effluent-saturated biochar soil characteristics <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> |
| title | Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties |
| title_full | Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties |
| title_fullStr | Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties |
| title_short | Dairy Effluent-Saturated Biochar’s Short-Term Effects on <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> and <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Performance and Soil Properties |
| title_sort | dairy effluent saturated biochar s short term effects on i vigna unguiculata i and i cynodon dactylon i performance and soil properties |
| topic | effluent-saturated biochar soil characteristics <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/851 |
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