Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
In this review, special emphasis will be placed on red grape polyphenols for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, their capacity to inhibit major pathways responsible for activation of oxidative systems and expression and release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/35 |
| _version_ | 1827887002881622016 |
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| author | Thea Magrone Manrico Magrone Matteo Antonio Russo Emilio Jirillo |
| author_facet | Thea Magrone Manrico Magrone Matteo Antonio Russo Emilio Jirillo |
| author_sort | Thea Magrone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this review, special emphasis will be placed on red grape polyphenols for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, their capacity to inhibit major pathways responsible for activation of oxidative systems and expression and release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines will be discussed. Furthermore, regulation of immune cells by polyphenols will be illustrated with special reference to the activation of T regulatory cells which support a tolerogenic pathway at intestinal level. Additionally, the effects of red grape polyphenols will be analyzed in obesity, as a low-grade systemic inflammation. Also, possible modifications of inflammatory bowel disease biomarkers and clinical course have been studied upon polyphenol administration, either in animal models or in clinical trials. Moreover, the ability of polyphenols to cross the blood−brain barrier has been exploited to investigate their neuroprotective properties. In cancer, polyphenols seem to exert several beneficial effects, even if conflicting data are reported about their influence on T regulatory cells. Finally, the effects of polyphenols have been evaluated in experimental models of allergy and autoimmune diseases. Conclusively, red grape polyphenols are endowed with a great antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential but some issues, such as polyphenol bioavailability, activity of metabolites, and interaction with microbiota, deserve deeper studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:11:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c94342bc6eaa495f858ca71edb395a9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:11:00Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c94342bc6eaa495f858ca71edb395a9b2023-08-02T01:43:16ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212019-12-01913510.3390/antiox9010035antiox9010035Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo StudiesThea Magrone0Manrico Magrone1Matteo Antonio Russo2Emilio Jirillo3Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyMEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele Open University of Rome and IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana of Rome, 00166 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyIn this review, special emphasis will be placed on red grape polyphenols for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, their capacity to inhibit major pathways responsible for activation of oxidative systems and expression and release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines will be discussed. Furthermore, regulation of immune cells by polyphenols will be illustrated with special reference to the activation of T regulatory cells which support a tolerogenic pathway at intestinal level. Additionally, the effects of red grape polyphenols will be analyzed in obesity, as a low-grade systemic inflammation. Also, possible modifications of inflammatory bowel disease biomarkers and clinical course have been studied upon polyphenol administration, either in animal models or in clinical trials. Moreover, the ability of polyphenols to cross the blood−brain barrier has been exploited to investigate their neuroprotective properties. In cancer, polyphenols seem to exert several beneficial effects, even if conflicting data are reported about their influence on T regulatory cells. Finally, the effects of polyphenols have been evaluated in experimental models of allergy and autoimmune diseases. Conclusively, red grape polyphenols are endowed with a great antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential but some issues, such as polyphenol bioavailability, activity of metabolites, and interaction with microbiota, deserve deeper studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/35red grape polyphenolsimmunityinflammationobesityallergycancercellular and molecular rehabilitation |
| spellingShingle | Thea Magrone Manrico Magrone Matteo Antonio Russo Emilio Jirillo Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Antioxidants red grape polyphenols immunity inflammation obesity allergy cancer cellular and molecular rehabilitation |
| title | Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_full | Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_short | Recent Advances on the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
| title_sort | recent advances on the anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties of red grape polyphenols in vitro and in vivo studies |
| topic | red grape polyphenols immunity inflammation obesity allergy cancer cellular and molecular rehabilitation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/35 |
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