How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of hemocytes of adult Steatoda grossa females to cadmium and copper administered orally for 4 weeks or 12 months, and to check the metabolic condition of these cells after immunostimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | The European Zoological Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2023.2237989 |
| _version_ | 1797384830038573056 |
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| author | G. Wilczek M. Rost-Roszkowska J. Homa E. Szulińska S. Student Ł. Chajec K. Wiśniewska K. Surmiak-Stalmach |
| author_facet | G. Wilczek M. Rost-Roszkowska J. Homa E. Szulińska S. Student Ł. Chajec K. Wiśniewska K. Surmiak-Stalmach |
| author_sort | G. Wilczek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of hemocytes of adult Steatoda grossa females to cadmium and copper administered orally for 4 weeks or 12 months, and to check the metabolic condition of these cells after immunostimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The viability of hemocytes (flow cytometry and luminescence techniques), their ultrastructure (transmission electron microscopy), and the antioxidant activity of hemolymph (superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity; TAC) were analyzed. The results showed that, compared to copper, cadmium caused severe necrotic changes in hemocytes and impaired oxygen burst reactions and antioxidant responses, regardless of the exposure time. Copper induced degenerative changes only during short-term exposure, but its long-term intoxication did not impair the metabolic processes of hemocytes. Administration of PMA to spiders that were chronically exposed to either of the metals caused an increase in TAC levels in the hemolymph. Although the concentration of ATP in hemocytes was reduced relative to the control, the ADP/ATP ratio did not change, precluding a strong depletion of cellular energy resources. The metabolic condition of hemocytes stabilized with prolonged metal exposure, indicating the activation of defense mechanisms under operating stressors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:45:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c945135a04fe461eafc30b22a602668e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2475-0263 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:45:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The European Zoological Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-c945135a04fe461eafc30b22a602668e2023-12-20T10:16:51ZengTaylor & Francis GroupThe European Zoological Journal2475-02632023-12-0190262464210.1080/24750263.2023.2237989How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysisG. Wilczek0M. Rost-Roszkowska1J. Homa2E. Szulińska3S. Student4Ł. Chajec5K. Wiśniewska6K. Surmiak-Stalmach7Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandDepartment of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandDepartment of System Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandAbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of hemocytes of adult Steatoda grossa females to cadmium and copper administered orally for 4 weeks or 12 months, and to check the metabolic condition of these cells after immunostimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The viability of hemocytes (flow cytometry and luminescence techniques), their ultrastructure (transmission electron microscopy), and the antioxidant activity of hemolymph (superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity; TAC) were analyzed. The results showed that, compared to copper, cadmium caused severe necrotic changes in hemocytes and impaired oxygen burst reactions and antioxidant responses, regardless of the exposure time. Copper induced degenerative changes only during short-term exposure, but its long-term intoxication did not impair the metabolic processes of hemocytes. Administration of PMA to spiders that were chronically exposed to either of the metals caused an increase in TAC levels in the hemolymph. Although the concentration of ATP in hemocytes was reduced relative to the control, the ADP/ATP ratio did not change, precluding a strong depletion of cellular energy resources. The metabolic condition of hemocytes stabilized with prolonged metal exposure, indicating the activation of defense mechanisms under operating stressors.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2023.2237989Metalsspidershemocytescell deathoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | G. Wilczek M. Rost-Roszkowska J. Homa E. Szulińska S. Student Ł. Chajec K. Wiśniewska K. Surmiak-Stalmach How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis The European Zoological Journal Metals spiders hemocytes cell death oxidative stress |
| title | How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis |
| title_full | How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis |
| title_fullStr | How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis |
| title_short | How cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of Steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation: qualitative and quantitative analysis |
| title_sort | how cadmium and copper change the sensitivity of the hemocytes of steatoda grossa spider on immunostimulation qualitative and quantitative analysis |
| topic | Metals spiders hemocytes cell death oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2023.2237989 |
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