Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review
Significant efforts are being made across academia and industry to better characterize lithium ion battery cells as reliance on the technology for applications ranging from green energy storage to electric mobility increases. The measurement of short-term and long-term volume expansion in lithium-io...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/7/1566 |
| _version_ | 1797212663054336000 |
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| author | Tessa Krause Daniel Nusko Luciana Pitta Bauermann Matthias Vetter Marcel Schäfer Carlo Holly |
| author_facet | Tessa Krause Daniel Nusko Luciana Pitta Bauermann Matthias Vetter Marcel Schäfer Carlo Holly |
| author_sort | Tessa Krause |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Significant efforts are being made across academia and industry to better characterize lithium ion battery cells as reliance on the technology for applications ranging from green energy storage to electric mobility increases. The measurement of short-term and long-term volume expansion in lithium-ion battery cells is relevant for several reasons. For instance, expansion provides information about the quality and homogeneity of battery cells during charge and discharge cycles. Expansion also provides information about aging over the cell’s lifetime. Expansion measurements are useful for the evaluation of new materials and the improvement of end-of-line quality tests during cell production. These measurements may also indicate the safety of battery cells by aiding in predicting the state of charge and the state of health over the lifetime of the cell. Expansion measurements can also assess inhomogeneities on the electrodes, in addition to defects such as gas accumulation and lithium plating. In this review, we first establish the mechanisms through which reversible and irreversible volume expansion occur. We then explore the current state-of-the-art for both contact and noncontact measurements of volume expansion. This review compiles the existing literature on four approaches to contact measurement and eight noncontact measurement approaches. Finally, we discuss the different considerations when selecting an appropriate measurement technique. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:45:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c9489f5b0ab346b2a61b60d64b84853e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:45:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-c9489f5b0ab346b2a61b60d64b84853e2024-04-12T13:17:44ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-03-01177156610.3390/en17071566Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A ReviewTessa Krause0Daniel Nusko1Luciana Pitta Bauermann2Matthias Vetter3Marcel Schäfer4Carlo Holly5Chair for Technology of Optical Systems TOS, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, GermanyPrecitec GmbH & Co., KG, Draisstraße 1, 76571 Gaggenau, GermanyChair for Technology of Optical Systems TOS, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, GermanySignificant efforts are being made across academia and industry to better characterize lithium ion battery cells as reliance on the technology for applications ranging from green energy storage to electric mobility increases. The measurement of short-term and long-term volume expansion in lithium-ion battery cells is relevant for several reasons. For instance, expansion provides information about the quality and homogeneity of battery cells during charge and discharge cycles. Expansion also provides information about aging over the cell’s lifetime. Expansion measurements are useful for the evaluation of new materials and the improvement of end-of-line quality tests during cell production. These measurements may also indicate the safety of battery cells by aiding in predicting the state of charge and the state of health over the lifetime of the cell. Expansion measurements can also assess inhomogeneities on the electrodes, in addition to defects such as gas accumulation and lithium plating. In this review, we first establish the mechanisms through which reversible and irreversible volume expansion occur. We then explore the current state-of-the-art for both contact and noncontact measurements of volume expansion. This review compiles the existing literature on four approaches to contact measurement and eight noncontact measurement approaches. Finally, we discuss the different considerations when selecting an appropriate measurement technique.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/7/1566lithium-ionbattery cellsexpansion measurementsvolume expansionthickness changes |
| spellingShingle | Tessa Krause Daniel Nusko Luciana Pitta Bauermann Matthias Vetter Marcel Schäfer Carlo Holly Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review Energies lithium-ion battery cells expansion measurements volume expansion thickness changes |
| title | Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review |
| title_full | Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review |
| title_short | Methods for Quantifying Expansion in Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Resulting from Cycling: A Review |
| title_sort | methods for quantifying expansion in lithium ion battery cells resulting from cycling a review |
| topic | lithium-ion battery cells expansion measurements volume expansion thickness changes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/7/1566 |
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